1. The Hip Joint and Pelvic Girdle
Anatomy and Physiology of Human Movement
420:050

2. Objectives
Bones, bony landmarks and joints
Muscles
Movements

3. Hip Joint Hip joint (femur and acetabulum of pelvis)
Relatively stable due to:
Bony architecture
Strong ligaments
Large supportive muscles
Hip joint and pelvic girdle work together much like shoulder joint and girdle
Pelvis moves in response to trunk and/or thigh movement
Other bones to consider
Tibia
Fibula
Patella

5. Pelvic Girdle Pelvic girdle  Pelvic bones, sacrum, coccyx
Each pelvic bone is made up of three fused bones  ilium, ischium, & pubis
Right & left pelvic bone joined together posteriorly by sacrum
Sacrum:
Extends from spinal column with 5 fused vertebrae
Coccyx:
Extends posteriorly from sacrum with 3 fused vertebrae

10. Lateral femoral epicondyle
Medial femoral epicondyle
Patella
Lateral tibial condyle
Medial tibial condyle
Head of fibula
Tibial tuberosity

11. Joints Hip joint AKA Acetabular femoral joint
Diarthrodial multiaxial ball and socket
Movements
Planes and axes

12. Joints Pubic symphisis Amphiarthrodial cartilagenous joint
Slightly moveable

13. Joints
Sacroiliac joints
Diarthrodial gliding joints
Slightly moveable

14. Objectives
Bones, bony landmarks and joints
Muscles
Movements

15. Muscles Anterior: Posterior: Lateral: Medial: Iliopsoas Gluteus medius
Sartorius
Rectus femoris
Tensor fasciae latae
Posterior:
Gluteus maximus
Biceps femoris
Semitendonosus
Semimembranosus
Deep 6 external rotators
Lateral:
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Medial:
Adductor brevis
Adductor longus
Adductor magnus
Gracilis
Pectineus

16. Iliopsoas

17. Sartorius

18. Rectus Femoris

19. Tensor Fasciae Latae

20. Muscles Anterior: Posterior: Lateral: Medial: Iliopsoas Gluteus medius
Sartorius
Rectus femoris
Tensor fasciae latae
Posterior:
Gluteus maximus
Biceps femoris
Semitendonosus
Semimembranosus
Deep 6 external rotators
Lateral:
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Medial:
Adductor brevis
Adductor longus
Adductor magnus
Gracilis
Pectineus

21. Gluteus Maximus

22. Semitendinosus

23. Semimembranosus

24. Biceps Femoris

25. Six Deep External Rotators

26. Muscles Anterior: Posterior: Lateral: Medial: Iliopsoas Gluteus medius
Sartorius
Rectus femoris
Tensor fasciae latae
Posterior:
Gluteus maximus
Biceps femoris
Semitendonosus
Semimembranosus
Deep 6 external rotators
Lateral:
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Medial:
Adductor brevis
Adductor longus
Adductor magnus
Gracilis
Pectineus

27. Gluteus Medius

28. Gluteus Minimus

29. Muscles Anterior: Posterior: Lateral: Medial: Iliopsoas Gluteus medius
Sartorius
Rectus femoris
Tensor fasciae latae
Posterior:
Gluteus maximus
Biceps femoris
Semitendonosus
Semimembranosus
Deep 6 external rotators
Lateral:
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Medial:
Adductor brevis
Adductor longus
Adductor magnus
Gracilis
Pectineus

30. Adductor Brevis

31. Adductor Longus

32. Adductor Magnus

33. Pectineus

34. Gracilis

35. Objectives
Bones, bony landmarks and joints
Muscles
Movements

36. Movements Flexion Extension Movement of femur straight anteriorly
Movement of femur straight posteriorly

37. Movements Abduction Adduction
Movement of femur laterally to side away from midline
Adduction
Movement of femur medially toward midline

38. Movements Horizontal adduction Horizontal abduction
Movement of femur in a horizontal or transverse plane toward the midline
Horizontal abduction
Movement of femur in a horizontal or transverse plane away from the midline

39. Movements External rotation Internal rotation
Movement of femur laterally around its long axis away from midline
Internal rotation
Movement of femur medially around its long axis toward midline

40. Movements Diagonal abduction Diagonal adduction
Movement of femur in a diagonal plane away from midline of body
Diagonal adduction
Movement of femur in a diagonal plane toward midline of body

41. Movements Anterior pelvic tilt Posterior pelvic tilt
Anterior movement of upper pelvis; iliac crest tilts forward in a sagittal plane
Posterior pelvic tilt
Posterior movement of upper pelvis; iliac crest tilts backward in a sagittal plane

42. Movements Left lateral pelvic tilt Right lateral pelvic tilt
Left pelvis moves inferiorly in relation to right pelvis in frontal plane
Right lateral pelvic tilt
Right pelvis moves inferiorly in relation to left pelvis in frontal plane

43. Movements Left transverse pelvic tilt Right transverse pelvic tilt
Left pelvis moves posteriorly in relation to the right in transverse plane
Right transverse pelvic tilt
Right pelvis moves posteriorly in relation to the left in transverse plane

44. LINE OF PULL

45. FLEXION
Superior movement of the femur in the sagittal plane

48. FLEXION

49. FLEXION Iliopsoas Rectus femoris Sartorius Tensor fasciae latae
Pectineus

50. EXTENSION
Inferior movement of the femur in the sagittal plane

53. EXTENSION

54. EXTENSION Gluteus maximus Hamstrings Biceps femoris Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus

55. ABDUCTION
Superolateral movement of the femur in the frontal plane

56. Gluteus minimus

58. ABDUCTION

59. ABDUCTION
Tensor fasciae latae
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus

60. ADDUCTION
Inferomedial movement of the femur in the frontal plane

63. ADDUCTION

64. ADDUCTION Gracilis Adductor magnus Adductor longus Adductor brevis
Pectineus

65. HORIZONTAL ABDUCTION
Movement of the femur away from the midline of the body in the transverse plane
Muscles  Abductors

66. HORIZONTAL ADDUCTION
Movement of the femur towards the midline in the transverse plane
Muscles  Adductors

67. INTERNAL/EXTERNAL ROTATION
Movement of the femur towards/away the midline in the transverse plane along its long axis