1. Football and Discrimination Nancy J. Burnett, UW-Oshkosh Lee Van Scyoc, UW –Oshkosh

2. Discrimination and Sports Previous Work: – Baseball and Salary or Memorabilia Black League – Coaching in Football Regulation Shift: Rooney Rule, 2002 – Football and Salary?

3. Players Status and Salary Offers Rookie – Accept Offer or Sit at Home (unpaid)! Restricted Free Agent – Play 3+ seasons and expired contract, received qualifying offers from old club and can negotiate until 1 week before NFL Draft (revert to original club). If accept new offer, old club right to match and retain. UnRestricted Free Agent – 4 or more seasons and expired contract. Free to sign with any club.

4. Position? Need variability by race – QB? Running Backs? – Linebackers About 75% Non-White Ongoing need for this position, each team has several players in this position Several quality players in draft every year

5. 1 st Round Linebacker Draft Picks NFL Draft YearNameDraft # 2009Aaron Curry4 2008Vernon Gholston6 2007Patrick Willis11 2006A.J. Hawk5 2005DeMarcus Ware11 2004Jonathan Vilma12 2003Terrell Suggs10 2002Napoleon Harris23 2001Dan Morgan11 2000LaVarr Arrington2 2000Brian Urlacher9

6. Salary and Rookie Linebackers Will vary by year – Rookie Salary Cap (JeMarcus Russell Rule) in the Collective Bargaining Agreement of July 25, 2011 Will vary by quality and need – Teams ongoing need for linebackers means likely to draft quality linebacker even if not a team’s priority position ~ reflected in draft pick number – Quality, as determined by scouts and college record, should affect draft pick number

7. But, What Salary? Salary? Cap Value of Salary? Base Salary? Bonus? » Salary (robust to Bonus)

8. Data 2000-2009 377 Linebacker Rookies – Race (Blk), Year, Draft Number If undrafted, Undraft=1 and Draft Number=0 Variable SalaryBlk(0,1)Draft Number (0-260) Undraft (0,1)Year(200x) (0-9) Mean655,538.753369.58.35814.172 (stdev)762,40275.642.720

9. Salary and Draft (Quality) by Race

10. LN(Salary) and Draft by race

11. OLS Results Y=LN(Salary) Coefficient (t-stat) Intercept14.2396 (158.01)** Blk-.04423 (-.73) Draft Number-.01036 (-21.86)** Undraft-2.6146 (-23.34)** Year.0634 (5.33)** Year*Undraft.06571 (3.28)** R2R2 74.4 F215.54

12. Conclusions? Negative Sign but NO significance on race variable Sign robust to specification of Salary (bonus, cap, etc) NFL has been sensitive to issues of race, so maybe this is not a surprise.