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Organic Matter Metabolism in a Coastal Ocean Ecosystem Patricia Matrai Mike Sieracki Nicole Poulton Carlton Rauschenberg Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences W. Boothbay Harbor Maine NASA OCRT 4/11-13/06 Newport, RI
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In Collaboration with: University of New Hampshire Center for Coastal Ocean Observation and Analysis Janet Campbell Joe Salisbury
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Talk outline Project objectives Study site and measurements Some first year results Respiration models Preliminary remote sensing results Conclusions
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Project Objectives Primary Objectives: Can microbial respiration be modeled by temperature, chlorophyll, primary production, and DOM? If so, how well can surface water respiration be estimated by satellite remote sensing? Secondary Objectives: What is the balance of planktonic microbial respiration to primary production in a river plume system? How does planktonic food web structure relate to the system metabolic balance?
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Gulf of Maine Primary Study Area (GoMOOS C) (GoMOOS B)
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Study Methods Monthly cruises from Kennebec River (Bath, Maine) to Portsmouth, NH 5 Stations, surface samples Respiration (24h O 2 incubations) Primary production (12h 14 C incubations) Microplankton and particle analysis FlowCAM, flow cytometry, microscopy Size spectra, 0.2 - >200 µm Chlorophyll, T, S, TOC, POC, ∆ 13 C, nutrients Bacterial single-cell respiration (CTC)
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Temperature and Salinity Temperature pattern similar at all stations River and plume stations show spring and fall runoff peaks (low salinity)
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Bacteria and <20µm Phytoplankton Abundances Eukaryotes Synechococcus Heterotrophic Bacteria
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Microphytoplankton Abundance (15 - 200 µm, FlowCAM) Apr Jun OctDec
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Chl 1° Prod Seasonal Trends in Chlorophyll, Primary Production, and Respiration Resp
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Chl 1° Prod Resp Seasonal Trends in POC, Nutrients, and δ 13 C/ 12 C POC δ 13 C/ 12 C PO 4 NO 3 + NO 2
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Annual Station Means Downstream: Chlorophyll declines 1° Production declines Respiration increases RiverCoast Chl Resp PP
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Surface respiration vs. primary production (µgC L -1 d -1 ) 1:1 Overall system mean: R is 30% of P
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Surface respiration vs. primary production (µgC L -1 d -1 ) River + plume Aug, Sept Spring bloom May, June 1:1
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Ecosystem relationships Cole et al. 1988, White et al. 1991, del Giorgio et al. 1997 Rivkin & Legendre 2001 Method #1 BA = f(Chl) BR = f(BA, T) Method #2 BP = f(BA, T) BR = f(BP, T) Method #3 BR = f(NPP)
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Example Gulf of Maine Respiration Images 13 May 2005 SST CHL BR1 (BA) BR2 (BP)
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Conclusions Kennebec River plume/Gulf of Maine system is dynamic, biologically rich, and productive Primary production exceeds respiration most of the year, R was 30% of P for the whole system over 1 year. Preliminary estimates of respiration from remote sensing data using ecosystem relationships are within an order of magnitude of in-water measurements, but further analysis and validation are needed.
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And Thanks to: Kay Kilpatrick, RSMAS, U. Miami Ben Tupper, Bigelow Laboratory Paul Pelletier, Capt. R/V Gulf Challenger Chris Hunt, Mike Novak, UNH Coastal Transect crew Carbon Cycle Science
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