2. Magnitude of Trauma in Saudi Arabia Second Saudi Surgical Society Annual Meeting May 21-22, 2006 Dr. Saud Al-Turki King Abdulaziz Medical City National Guard Health Affairs

3. WHO 2005 Global Mortality IHD (1) 12.6 Cerebrovascular Disease (2) 9.7 Respiratory Infection (3) 6.9 HIV (4) 4.8 RTA (10) 2.1 Trauma is the leading cause of death (1 to 44) of age Trauma is the leading cause of death (1 to 44) of age In Saudi Arabia Ministry of Health report 1998 -----> 81% In Saudi Arabia Ministry of Health report 1998 -----> 81% Hospital Mortality -----> RTA KFNGH 2005 T.R. report - Hospital Mortality 8% -----> RTA KFNGH 2005 T.R. report - Hospital Mortality 8% -----> RTA

4. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Kingdom of Saudi ArabiaPopulation 19.4 Million 66% Saudis 66% Saudis 66% < 15 yrs of age 66% < 15 yrs of age

5. Annual Trauma Admission 1,200 (Trauma Registry KFNGH 2004/2005) 53%RTA 20%Falls 5000 Trauma pts/yr

6. Mechanism of Injury for 2004 admitted patients Percentage 0.16% 0.4% 3% 0.4% 6.8% 2.9% 3.9% 20% 1.4% 10% 43%

7. Trauma Patient Gender (Traffic Police Annual Report 2005) (Trauma Registry KFNGH 2004, 2005) MaleFemale

8. Causes of Injury Average (ISS) Percentage 16.4 % 14.7 % 7.5 % 5.2 % 8.7 % 8.3 % 21.9 %

9. Trauma Patients by Age for 2005 Percentage 2.04 % 13.96 % 12.77 % 36.6 % 13 % 3.3 % 5 %

10. Falls Mainly during the summer holiday Causes significant mortality and morbidity 52 % Falls from windows 1-3 meters 12 %Falls from second floor balcony 70 % Children 67 %Males

11. Fire Annual Cases InjuryMortality200124,0861,6226.7%2721.1% 200225,2391,4795.9%2440.9% 200326,6191,0193.8%1280.4% 200430,2651,0763.5%1370.45% 200529,7019413.1%1710.57% Average Mortality per year (1.45) (Annual Civil Service Statistics)

12. Drowning Average Mortality 69% Annual Cases Mortality2001195 162 83% 2002185 123 66% 2003311 166 53% 2004203 164 80% 2005206 138 66% (Annual Civil Service Statistics)

13. Total Number of Car Accidents in KSA 271,267 (2005) 33,943 injured 5,012 -----  10,441 died (Annual Traffic Police Statistics) RTA

14. Death Rates from Injury per 100,000 Population WHO 1998 Japan Germany Canada Albania Spain Argentina New Zealand Chile United States Mauritius Austria Colombia Norway Greece Mexico Italy Venezuela Portugal Belgium Bulgaria Croatia Scotland France Finland Poland Cuba Slovenia Romania Czech Rep. Denmark Saudi Arabia Hungary Russia

15. Injuries Mortality Annual RTA Mortality and Injuries (Annual Civil Service Statistics)

16. Riyadh Makkah Annual Cities Injuries - Simple (Annual Traffic Police Statistics) Eastern Province

17. Riyadh Makkah Annual Cities Injuries – Severe (Annual Traffic Police Statistics) Eastern Province

18. Mechanism of D.O.A. (49 pts) (KAMC Trauma Registry 2004-2005) 63 % 18 % 6 % 4 % Percentage %

19. Mechanism of death in Hospital (70 pts) (KAMC Trauma Registry 2004-2005) Percentage % 21.5 % 10 % 43 % 12 %

20. Causes of RTA (Annual Civil Service Statistics) Speeding 2001 40 % 2005 8.96 % Driver Road Car Tire Failure 13% Crossing Red Light 2001 8 % 2005 3.29 %

21. Do We have a Problem with Trauma in KSA ? KSA32 accidents1 death USA283 accidents1 death High Speed ! Seat Belt use ! KSA8 accidents2 injuries USA8 accidents1 injury

22. 80% of trauma victims < 30 years of age 1/5 th of hospital beds occupied by RTA victims Annual Government loss from car accidents > 21 Billion Riyals We have a Problem

23. Types of Accidents Two Cars 80 % Accident with fixed object 6 % Pedestrian 3 % Car Turn Over 3 % Animal Collision Accidents 0.1 % (Annual Police Statistics Office)

24. RTA Interesting Facts Time & Location Days of the week Month 62.5% of accidents during the day 82.3% inside cities Wednesday 16.5% Saturday 15.5% Friday 11% Ramadan & Hajj Season

25. Recommendations Traffic law enforcement Road safety regulations Seat belt for driver, passengers & children passengers & children Vehicle inspection officers Pedestrian safety regulations

26. Recommendations Strict swimming pools safety rules Use of window type balcony with fences and stairs protection to avoid children fall accident National accurate trauma statistics (National Trauma Registry)