1. Neuroscience Disciplines
Neuroanatomy
Neurochemistry
Neuroendocrinology
Neuropathology
Neuropharmacology
Neurophysiology
BIOPSYCHOLOGY

2. Brain Anatomy - Three Divisions
FOREBRAIN
Telencephalon
Cerebral cortex
Basal Ganglia
Limbic System
Diencephalon
Thalamus
Hypothalamus

3. Brain Anatomy - Three Divisions
FOREBRAIN
Telencephalon
Cerebral cortex
Basal Ganglia
Limbic System
Diencephalon
Thalamus
Hypothalamus

4. MIDBRAIN
Mesencephalon
Tectum
Tegmentum
Periaqueductal Gray
HINDBRAIN
Metencephalon
Cerebellum
Pons
Myelencephalon
Medulla Oblongata

5. Biopsychology
The discipline of neuroscience that attempts to discover how the various neural phenomena studied in the other disciplines control behavior.
Example: Sleep Behavior
What brain structures are responsible for sleep?
What is the chemical content of the structures?
What drugs promote sleep?

6. Members of Society for Neuroscience - Departmental Affiliations
Department Percentage of Sample
Psychology
Physiology
Pharmacology
Biology
Anatomy
Neurology
Psychiatry
Neuroscience-biology
Neurosurgery
Pathology

7. Divisions of Biopsychology
Physiological Psychology
Manipulations of nervous system in controlled experimental settings
Laboratory animals
“Pure” or “basic” research

8. Psychopharmacology
Drug effects on behavior and how these effects are mediated
“Applied” research - purpose to develop therapeutic drugs

9. Neuropsychology Effects of brain damage on human behavior
“Applied” research to help those afflicted with behavioral disorders

10. Psychophysiology
Study of the relationship between physiology and behavior in humans
Non-invasive procedures taken from the body surface
Strive to understand the physiology of basic psychological processes such as information processing, emotion

11. Cognitive Neuroscience
The neural basis of cognition including thought, attention and memory
Human research involving non-invasive human brain imaging techniques
Involves interdisciplinary collaboration among neuroscientists

12. Comparative Psychology
Comparison of behavior of different species
Focus on genetics, evolution and adaptiveness of behavior
brain differences that contribute to behavioral differences among species

13. Research approaches used in Biopsychology

14. Somatic Intervention Bodily Intervention Behavioral Effect
Examples Examples
Administer hormone Measure Mating
Stimulate Brain Area Measure Aggression
Local Brain Damage Measure Memory

15. Behavioral Intervention
Somatic Effect Behavioral Intervention
Examples Examples
Measure Hormones Female with Male
Measure Brain Activity Memory Task
Measure Brain Anatomy Altered Rearing

16. Correlational Studies
Somatic Variables Behavioral Variables
Examples Examples
Brain Size Learning Scores
Hormonal Levels Strength of Mating

17. Why does one study the biological basis of behavior?

18. Brain Function and Behavior Early Theories

19. Localizationist Theory
1800ff. - Gall, Spurzheim
Brain is not a unitary organ
Cerebrum is a mosaic of centers
Each center has a specific mental function
Centers developed in size as a function of use
Centers produced protuberances on skull surface
Anatomical Personality or Phrenology

20. Aggregate Field Theory
Flourens: Lashley
Specific mental functions are not localized
Brain acts as a whole for each function
Any part of cerebral cortex is capable of performing all functions

21. Cellular Connectionism Theory
Wernicke: Broca
Simple mental functions are discretely localized to single cortical areas
The areas for these simple functions are interconnected
Complex mental functions arise from interactions among several of these areas

22. TERMINOLOGY Micron - one thousanth of a millimeter Soma or Perikaryon
Nissl stain
Endoplasmic reticulum (Nissl bodies)
Golgi Apparatus
Microtubules
Neurofilaments
Dendritic spine
Axon Collaterals
Synaptic vesicles
Active zones

23. Types of Synapses
Axodendritic
Axosomatic
Axoaxonic

24. Neuroglial Cells Peripheral Nervous System Schwann Cell
Central Nervous System
Oligodendroglial Cell
Astrocyte
Microglia

25. Brain Anatomy - Three Divisions
FOREBRAIN
Telencephalon
Cerebral cortex
Basal Ganglia
Limbic System
Diencephalon
Thalamus
Hypothalamus

26. MIDBRAIN
Mesencephalon
Tectum
Tegmentum
Periaqueductal Gray
HINDBRAIN
Metencephalon
Cerebellum
Pons
Myelencephalon
Medulla Oblongata