1. Preventing Dust Explosions Preventing Dust Explosions Agenda q q Program overview q q Explosion statistics q q Dust explosion properties q q Ignition sources q q Dust explosion locations q q Preventing explosions q q Deadly Dust II - video

2. Program Overview Program Overview q Safety program changes 4 Safety inspections 4 Safety training 4 Safety audits q Grain handling practices 4 Housekeeping 4 Preventive maintenance

3. 1999 Explosion Statistics 1999 Explosion Statistics CompanyLocationDateDamage Butterball TurkeySherwin, KS2/99$50-$500 Farmers Coop Co.Craig, IA4/99$50-$500K, 1 hurt Amick FarmsMonetta, SC8/99$50-$500K, 10 hurt Reedsville CoopReedsville, WI10/99$500K+ 7 hurt

4. Dust Explosion Properties Dust Explosion Properties Fuel (grain dust) Oxygen Ignition Source Confined Space (equipment, building) How an explosion occurs 1) Dust has to be combustible 2) Particles form a cloud exceeding min. explosion concentrations 3) Dust is confined 4) Ignition source is present

5. Ignition Sources Feed Mills Friction Sparks 2.8% Welding 17.2% Electrical Failure 4% Tramp Metal 4% Fire Besides Welding 4% FOD 3.6% Choked Leg Friction 3.2% Hot Bearings 2.8%

6. Dust Explosion Locations q Bucket elevators q Roller mills q Storage bins or tanks q Headhouse q Dust collector

7. Preventing Dust Explosions Preventing Dust Explosions q Good housekeeping 4Floor areas within 35 ft of inside bucket elevators 4Floors of enclosed areas having grinding equipment 4Floors of enclosed areas having grain dryers

8. Preventing Dust Explosions Preventing Dust Explosions q Preventive maintenance 4Looking at all mechanical and safety control equipment associated with preventing fires 4Examples: dryers, dust collection equipment, bucket elevators

9. Preventing Dust Explosions Preventing Dust Explosions q Blowdown operations 4Shut down machinery which presents an ignition source 4Remove all other potential ignition sources q Employee participation