1. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers The Master Reader Updated Edition by D. J. Henry Chapter 2 Vocabulary Skills

2. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers Vocabulary Vocabulary is all the words used or understood by a person. By the time you are 18, you know about 60,000 words. During college you learn an additional 20,000 words. Each subject has its own set of words. You can learn new words through: –Context Clues –Word Parts –Visuals

3. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers Context Clues A context clue is the information that surrounds a new word. It is used to understand its meaning. The four types of context clues are: –Synonyms –Antonyms –General context –Examples

4. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers Synonyms A synonym is a word that has the same or nearly the same meaning. Synonym signal words are: or, that is Example: The dentist gave me laughing gas to alleviate (or ease) the pain of taking out my wisdom teeth.

5. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers Antonyms An antonym is a word that has the opposite meaning of another word. Antonym signal words are: but, not, unlike, in contrast, yet, however. Example: During dinner, Anne let out a loud burp that mortified her mother, but amused her friends.

6. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers General Context Sometimes a definition is provided. Sometimes a description is provided. Sometimes logic and reasoning skills are needed. Example: To insure safety, written and road tests should be mandatory for everyone who seeks a driver’s license for the first time; no exceptions should be allowed.

7. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers Another Example: Jamie speculated about how much weight he wanted to gain during the three-month bodybuilding program he was beginning for the first time. –Knew –Wondered –Worried –Celebrated

8. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers Examples An example is provided of the word. Example signal words indicate that an example is coming: for instance, such as, consists of, including Example: Some authors use pseudonyms; for example, famous American author Mark Twain’s real name was Samuel Clemens.

9. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers Word Parts Roots: the basic or main part of a word. Prefixes: a group of letters added to the beginning of a root word to make a word. Suffixes: a group of letters added to the end of a root word to make a word. Example: in-vis-ible

10. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers TEXTBOOKS USING A GLOSSARY (alphabetical listing of specialized words) –Back of the book –Within the chapters –In the margins, in boxes Use before and after reading, by scanning the text for words in bold or italics, and checking their meanings in the glossary.

11. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers TEXTBOOKS Visual Vocabulary A graph, chart, cartoon, or photograph gives a visual image of a word.

12. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers Complete the Practices in your book for an in-depth explanation of roots, suffixes, and prefixes and how they can help you understand words.

13. Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers Practice Complete the Applications, Review Tests, and Mastery Tests for Chapter 2 in your book. * Remember to complete your scorecard for the Review Tests in this chapter. And visit the Companion Web site at www.ablongman.com/henry for more practice. www.ablongman.com/henry