1. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY Chabot College ELEC 74A Hexadecimal Introduction

2. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY Hexadecimal Numbers In the decimal (base 10) system, each digit has 10 possible values. In the hexadecimal (base 16) system, each digit has 16 possible values: Dec 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Hex 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F

3. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY Hexadecimal Numbering In decimal, each place value is a power of ten. We read the number 2342 as two- thousand three-hundred forty-two. 1101001000 2432 10 0 10 1 10 2 10 3

4. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY Hexadecimal Numbering In hexadecimal, each place value is a power of 16! We read the hex number 2342 as (2 x 4096) + (3 x 256) + (4 x 16) + (2 x 1) = 9026 116256 2 4096 2 16 0 16 1 16 2 16 3 43

5. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY Hexadecimal Notation Is 2342 a decimal or hex number? Hex numbers often are preceded by 0x: 0x2342 are followed by h: 2342h include digits A - F: 2B4C used for MAC addresses: 00-0A-3C-24-A2-99

6. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY Conversions

7. Hexadecimal Numbering In hex, each place value is a power of 16: 1162564096 16 0 16 1 16 2 16 3

8. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY Hex to Decimal Conversion The hex number 2B1F is equivalent to 11,071 in decimal: 2 x 4096 = 8,192 B (11) x 256 = 2,816 3 x 16 = 48 F (15) x 1 = 15 Total = 11,071 116256 F3B 4096 2 16 0 16 1 16 2 16 3

9. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY Hex to Decimal Conversion Convert the hex number 04A3 to decimal: __ x 4096 = _____ __ x 256 = _____ __ x 16 = _____ __ x 1 = _____ Total = _____ 116256 3A4 4096 0 16 0 16 1 16 2 16 3

10. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY Hex to Decimal Conversion Convert the hex number 04A3 to decimal: 0 x 4096 = 0 4 x 256 = 1024 A (10) x 16 = 160 3 x 1 = 3 Total = 1187 116256 3A4 4096 0 16 0 16 1 16 2 16 3

11. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY Decimal to Hex Conversion The decimal number 1,442 is equivalent to 5A2 in hexadecimal: Convert 1,442: 1442 / 256 = 5 with remainder of 162 162 / 16 = 10 (A) with remainder of 2 2 / 1 = 2 Hex Answer: 5A2 116256 2A5 4096 16 0 16 1 16 2 16 3

12. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY Decimal to Hex Conversion Convert the decimal number 965 to hexadecimal: Convert 965: ___ / 256 = ___ with remainder of ___ ___ / 16 = ___ with remainder of ___ ___ / 1 = 2 Hex Answer: _____ 1162564096 16 0 16 1 16 2 16 3

13. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY Decimal to Hex Conversion Convert the decimal number 965 to hexadecimal: Convert 965: 965 / 256 = 3 with remainder of 197 197 / 16 = 12 (C) with remainder of 5 5 / 1 = 5 Hex Answer: 3C5 1162564096 16 0 16 1 16 2 16 3 C35

14. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY Binary Review In binary, each place value is a power of two. Binary 1001 is equivalent to 9 in decimal. 124 100 8 1 2020 21212 2323

15. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY Hex to Binary Conversion 16 = 2 4, so four binary bits can be represented as a single hex digit:

16. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY Hex - Binary Relationship 0A-3C-19 24-C6-78 4 bits per hex digit 8 bits (one byte) per pair of hex digits 6 pairs of hex digits X 8 bits per pair = 48 bit MAC address

17. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY Hex to Binary Conversion Conversions are usually done one byte (8 bits) at a time. Each byte is split into two 4-bit parts. Each 4-bit part converts to one hex (2 4 ) digit:

18. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY Hex to Binary Conversion Convert Hex C4 to Binary: C = 1100 4 = 0100 C4 = 11000100

19. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY Hex to Binary Conversion Convert Hex 7F to Binary: 7 = ____ F = ____ 7F = ________

20. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY Hex to Binary Conversion Convert Hex 7F to Binary: 7 = 0111 F = 1111 7F = 01111111

21. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY Binary to Hex Conversion Convert Binary 11000011 to Hex: 1100 = _ 0011 = _ 11000011 = __

22. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY Binary to Hex Conversion Convert Binary 11000011 to Hex: 1100 = C 0011 = 3 11000011 = C3

23. CISCO NETWORKING ACADEMY Practice Slide 1162564096 16 0 16 1 16 2 16 3 Decimal Hex Binary Hex