1. Carboxylic Acids

3. Write condensed structural formulas for and name organic acids.
Include: uses and functions of common organic acids
Additional KEY Terms

4. R The functional group of carboxylic acids is the carboxyl group.
general form: R – COOH
made up of two smaller functional groups O C R H
carbonyl
group
hydroxyl group

5. Properties of Carboxylic Acids:
Polar covalent: < 5C (small) are soluble in water
Strong IMF (H-bonding) gives high bp/mp
Weak acids that ionize when dissolved O C R H O C R _ δ- δ+ H +
(solid)
(aqueous)

6. Organic acids common in both plants and animals:
Sour taste in fruits (citric acid), vinegar (acetic acid)
Amino acids (proteins) are carboxylic acids
Fatty acids (fats) contain large carboxylic acids

7. NAMING Carboxylic Acids
Name parent chain containing carboxyl group.
Replacing the – e ending with – oic acid.
Numbering always begins with the carbon containing
the carboxyl group.
methanoic acid
formic acid
(ant and bee stings)

8. benzoic acid O // ethanoic acid \ O butanoic acid CH3-CH2-CH2-C \OH O // \
CH3COOH
acetic acid
(vinegar)
ethanoic acid
CH3-CH2-CH2-C O \ OH //
butanoic acid
benzoic acid

9. CH3 \ CH3-CH2-CH2-CH-C O // OH 4-methylpentanoic acid

10. CAN YOU / HAVE YOU?
Write condensed structural formulas for and name organic acids.
Include: uses and functions of common organic acids
Additional KEY Terms