1. World Issues 12 Population Unit – Day 2

2. Where are we headed this unit? Understand the world in balance. Factors that affect density and distribution Population pyramids – what do they mean and what do they show? Population paradox – ie. Hans Roslings Case studies of various countries, such as, Japan, India, USA Population Theorists – (Thomas Malthus and Paul Elrich) Population policies – ie. China’s one child policy Why do people live where they live? Apply skills of research, use of statistics, mapping, etc.

3. Review from yesterday Demography Infant mortality rate Population momentum Carrying capacity Demographic Transition model seeks to explain the transformation of countries from having high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates. In developed countries this transition began in the early 18 th century and still continues today. Less developed countries began the transition later and are still in the midst of earlier stages in the model Hans Rosling argued that in order for population to cease at 9 Billion by 2050, the developing countries and merging economies will have to incorporate better health care systems, family planning, and a stable economic society.

4. THE POPULATION EXPLOSION In 1960, the world’s population reach 3 billion. It has taken 1 million years to reach this level. Fewer than 40 years later, the population had doubled to 6 billion. 10 years later, 7 billion. Consider what effect this growth had on people, governments, and economic systems.

5. Paul R. Ehrlich – The Population Bomb American biologist, attended Stanford U. Wrote The Population Bomb in 1968. Known as a neo-Malthusiast, his view was very similar to Thomas Malthus. Argued that the human population was already too high and humanity is unable to prevent severe famines, the spread of disease, social unrest, and the like. However, he argued that societies must take strong action to curb population growth in order to mitigate future disasters both ecological and social. Warned that mass starvation would occur in the 1970’s and 1980’s due to overpopulation. Predicted a population ‘explosion’ and eventually brought to light the importance of human society as a whole.

6. Thomas Malthus Born 1766 in Surrey, England. Studied and analyzed demography and evolutionary economics. Began writing the dangers of increasing population in 1798, far earlier than others. Predicted that food production would not keep pace with population. The only possible result, according to Malthus, would be the onset of what he called ‘misery’, which included famine, disease, and warfare, all of which would produce a terrible collapse of the population and great suffering for millions. “The power of population is so superior to the power of earth to produce subsistence for man, that premature death must in some shape or other visit the human race.” Malthus, T.R. 1798. An essay on the principle of population, Chapter VII, p 61.

7. Malthus reading – one page What was discussed in the one page article on the principle of population?

8. Other Population Theorists D.J. Bogue Esther Boserup William Catton Paul R. Ehrlich Besty Hartmann Thomas Homer-Dixon Robert Kaplan Thomas Malthus Julian Simon

9. Population and the City Mega-City : city with a population of at least 10 million people (ie. Tokyo) Slum : a run-down area of a city characterized by sub-standard housing and lacking in tenure security. 1 Billion people currently live in slums and a project 2 Billion will be living in slums by 2030

10. Get into Partners Grab a data sheet between the two of you Select 5 DEVELOPING countries Head to the lab to do the following with your countries: Population Activity -Use the cia.gov (the world fact book) website to find Total population, median age, birth rate, death rate, infant Mortality rate, and total fertility rate for EACH of the 5 countries. Include an interesting fact about each of the countries. Google > the world fact book > cia.gov > select your country > Click on people and society tab to find your information. One person research and one person record and Hand In!