1. Verb Tenses

2. Verb Tenses
The principal parts of verbs are the present, present participle, past, past participle, and future.

3. Verb Tenses
The tense of a verb indicates the time of the action or state of being expressed by the verb.

4. Present Tense Present Tense indicates an action in the present.
Examples:
Now the class begins.
She walks to class.

5. Present Participle
Participles are used with a helping verb in front (am, is, are, was, were)
The present participle is usually formed by adding –ing to the present form.
Jumping, walking
Most verbs that end in –e drop the e before adding the –ing.
Hope  Hoping
Some verbs double the final consonant before adding –ing.
Hug  Hugging

6. Past The past tense indicates an action that occurred in the past.
The past tense is usually formed by adding –d or –ed to the present form.
Example: We wanted to see the show.

7. Past Participles
Participles are formed with a helping verb in front of it (have, had, has)
Past participles can be used an adjective or modifier.
The past participle of regular verbs is formed by adding –d or –ed to the present form.
Example: Since the dishes were washed, we left the kitchen.

8. Practice
Page 221 Exercise 1

9. Future The future tense indicates an action in the future.
In the future tense the word will is used with the verb. Sometimes shall is used when the pronoun I or we is the subject.
Examples:
He will go to school tomorrow.
Susan will cook spaghetti tonight.

10. Irregular Verbs
An irregular verb forms its past and past participle some other way than adding –d or –ed to the end of the verb.
There are many irregular verbs (about 250).

11. Common Irregular Verbs
Finish the table in your notes by using the chart in your textbook. (Page )
Present
Present Participle
Past
Past Participle Be Is
Was, were
been
Drink
Drinking
Drank
Drunk
Eat
Eating
Ate
Eaten
See
Seeing
Saw
Seen
Swim
Swimming
Swam
Swum

12. Practice
Page 224 Exercise 2
Page 227 Exercise 3

13. Verb Tense
The tense of a verb tells when it is happening. (past, present and future)

14. IMPORTANT
Do NOT change needlessly from one tense to another. Tenses should remain consistent.
Example:
Inconsistent: When we go to the movies, we bought some popcorn.
Consistent: When we go to the movies, we buy some popcorn.
Consistent: When we went to the movies, we bought some popcorn.

15. Practice
Page 232 Exercise 4

16. Page 228 Review A
Page 229 Review B

17. Sit / Set Sit – to be seated Set – to put something somewhere Base
Present Participle
Past
Past Participle
Sit
Sitting
Sat
(have) sat
Set
Setting
(have) set

18. Sit / Set
Examples: (write the sentence and fill in the blank with the correct word)
I am ________ at my desk.
I have _______ all morning.
I am ________ my pencil on my desk.
I have _______ my pencil on my desk.

19. Sit / Set
Examples: (write the sentence and fill in the blank with the correct word)
I am sitting at my desk.
I have sat all morning.
I am setting my pencil on my desk.
I have set my pencil on my desk

20. Practice
Page 235 Exercise 6

21. Rise / Raise Rise – to go up Raise – to lift something up Base
Present Participle
Past
Past Participle
Rise
(is) rising
Rose
(have) risen
Raise
Raising
Raised
(have) raised

22. Rise / Raise
Examples: (write the sentence and fill in the blank with the correct word)
I am ________ from my desk.
I _______ from my desk.
I have ______ from my desk.
I am ________ my hand.
I have _______ my hand.

23. Rise / Raise
Examples: (write the sentence and fill in the blank with the correct word)
I am rising from my desk.
I rise from my desk.
I have risen from my desk.
I am raising my hand.
I have raised my hand.

24. Practice
Page 236 Exercise 7

25. Lie / Lay Lie – to recline Lay – to put something down Base
Present Participle
Past
Past Participle
Lie
(is) lying
Lay
(have) lain
(is) laying
Laid
(have) laid

26. Practice Grandma is (lying, laying) down.
I should go (lie, lay) down, too.
The silverware is (lying, laying) on the table.
I don’t know where I (lay, laid) my keys.
I should have (lain, laid) them on the table.
I should have (lain, laid) down an hour ago.

27. Practice
Page 238 Exercise 8
Page 239 Review C