1. Concrete Mix Design Technician School
Sieve Analysis
Concrete Mix Design Technician School 1

2. Terms and Definitions Aggregate.
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Terms and Definitions
Aggregate.
An inert filler material, such as crushed stone, gravel, and sand which is mixed with cement and water to make concrete.
Coarse Aggregate.
Generally aggregate larger than 1/2" in diameter, referred to as stone or gravel. 2

3. Gradation of an Aggregate
Fine Aggregate
A natural silica or manufactured aggregate smaller than 1/4" in diameter, normally referred to as sand.
Sieve Analysis
A process in which an aggregate is separated into its various sizes by passing it through screens of various size openings for the purpose of determining the distribution of the quantities separated.
Gradation of an Aggregate
The relative amounts of aggregate particles of consecutively larger and smaller sizes.
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4. Maximum Size of Aggregate
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Maximum Size of Aggregate
The smallest sieve opening through which the entire amount of the aggregate is required to pass.
Nominal Maximum Size of Aggregate
The smallest sieve opening through which the entire amount of the aggregate is permitted to pass. 4

5. Standard Sieves 6", 3", 1 1/2", 3/4", 3/8", and No.4
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Standard Sieves
Coarse Aggregate
6", 3", 1 1/2", 3/4", 3/8", and No.4
Fine Aggregate
Nos. 4, 8, 16, 30, 50, and 100 5

6. Affect of Particle Size on Aggregate Surface Area.
One 1- in cube of aggregate. Surface area = 6 x 1 x 1 = 6 sq in
27 1/3 - in cubes of aggregate. Surface area = 6 x 1/3 x 1/3 x 27
=18 sq in. 6

7. Sieve Analysis Procedure
Take a representative sample.
Reduce to proper size for testing. 7

8. Sampling 8

9. Sieve Analysis 9

10. Percent by Weight Passing Each Sieve
Table
North Carolina Department of Transportation
Standard Specifications
Coarse Aggregate Gradation
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Sieve
Percent by Weight Passing Each Sieve
Std Size
1 ½” 1” ¾” ½”
3/8”
No. 4
No. 8
No. 200
#57
100
95-100 -
25-60
0-10
0-5
0-0.6*
#67
90-100
20-55
#78M
98-100
75-100
20-45
0-15 10

11. Coarse Aggregate Gradation
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Coarse Aggregate Gradation
When tested during production the amount passing the No. 200 sieve may be no greater than 0.6% by weight.
When tested at the job site prior to use , the amount of material passing the No. 200 sieve shall not be greater than 1.5% by weight. 11

12. Coarse Aggregate Gradation
If a stockpile at the job site is found to contain in excess of 1.5% passing the No.200 sieve prior to use, the engineer may approve its use provided the total % by weight passing the the no 200 sieve in the combined coarse and fine aggregate does not exceed 2%, & no increase in W/C ratio is required by the use of this aggregate. 12

13. Percentage of Total by Weight Passing
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Table
Aggregate Gradation of Fine Aggregate
Percentage of Total by Weight Passing
STD Size ½”
3/8” #4 #8
#16
#30
#50
#100
#200 2S -
100
95-100
80-100
45-95
25-75
5-30
0-10
0-3
2MS
5-35
0-20
0-8* 13

14. Fine Aggregate Gradation
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Fine Aggregate Gradation
When tested during production the amount of material passing the No.200 sieve shall not be greater than 8%.
When tested at the job site prior to use, the amount of material passing the No. 200 sieve shall not be greater than 10%. 14

15. 200 Sieve Washing Procedure
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200 Sieve Washing Procedure
In a fine and coarse aggregate sieve analysis, the representative sample is washed over a No. 200 sieve.
The portion retained in the No. 200 sieve is dried and weighed.
The loss is then recorded in accordance with AASHTO T11.

16. Mass of Sample after Drying, AASHTO T11 6.2
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Nominal Max Size
Min. Mass, grams
4.75mm (No 4)
300
9.5mm (3/8 in)
1000
19mm (3/4 in)
2500
37.5 mm (1 ½ in)
5000

17. No.200 Sieve Calculation Percent passing No. 200 sieve =
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No.200 Sieve Calculation
Percent passing No. 200 sieve =
Total dry wt – wt after washing x Total dry wt 17

18. Example 200 Sieve Problem Total dry wt 514.0 grams
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Example 200 Sieve Problem
Total dry wt grams
Wt after washing grams
Gram mat’l passing grams
9.1 grams x = 1.8% passing
514.0 grams 18

19. Sieve Analysis Example
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20. Sieve Analysis Problem 1
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Sieve Analysis Problem 1 20

21. SA P-1 21

22. Sieve Analysis Problem 2
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Sieve Analysis Problem 2 22

23. SA P-2 23

24. Sieve Analysis Problem 3
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Sieve Analysis Problem 3 24

25. SA P-3 25

26. Sieve Analysis Problem 4
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Sieve Analysis Problem 4 26

27. SA P-4 27

28. Sieve Analysis Problem 5
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Sieve Analysis Problem 5 28

29. SA P-5 29

30. Pg 39
Fineness Modulus
Fine Modulus – An index to the coarseness or fineness of an aggregate.
Fineness Modulus (FM) – Defined mathematically as the sum of the cumulative percentages retained on the standard sieves divided by 100. 30

31. Pg 39
Fineness Modulus
FM of fine aggregate should not be less than 2.30 or more than 3.10, nor vary by more than 0.20 from batch to batch.
Coarse Sand
Medium
Fine Sand 31

32. The Standard Sieves 6 in 3 in 1 ½ in ¾ in 3/8 in #4 #8 #16 #30 #50
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The Standard Sieves
6 in
3 in
1 ½ in
¾ in
3/8 in #4 #8
#16
#30
#50
#100
Fine agg. range 3/8 - #100
Coarse agg. range 6 in - #8 32

33. Pg 39
Table 5.3.6
Table gives the volume of dry rodded coarse aggregate per unit volume of concrete for different fineness moduli of sand.
If the size of coarse aggregate and fineness modulus is known, the volume of dry rodded coarse aggregate can be obtained from the table.

34. Pg 39
Table 5.3.6
The proportion of coarse and fine aggregate in a concrete mix depend upon the fineness modulus of the fine aggregate and the size of the coarse aggregate.
The volume of coarse aggregate increases or decreases to maintain a constant surface area or a constant water demand.

35. Pg 40
Table 5.3.6
The variable is the fineness or coarseness (FM) of the sand.

36. Pg 41 36

37. Fineness Modulus - Example
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38. Fineness Modulus Problem No.1
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39. FM P-1 39

40. Fineness Modulus Problem No.2
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41. FM P-2 41

42. Fineness Modulus Problem No. 3
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43. FM P-3 43

44. Fineness Modulus Problem No.4
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45. FM P-4 45

46. TERMS I SHOULD KNOW? Fineness Modulus Nominal Maximum Size
Sieve Analysis
Water Reducing Agent
Workability
HOLD ON A MINUTE AND LET ME MARK THOSE IN THE BACK OF MY BOOK!! 46

47. questions? 47

48. Homework 48

49. Homework 1 49

50. Homework 2 50

51. Quiz 51

52. Quiz 52

53. Quiz Answer 53

54. Quiz ans. 54