2. OVERVIEW: Definition Types of nuclear reactions First commercial application Mechanism & Brief History Advantages and Disadvantages Facts of Nuclear energy

4.  Nuclear energy is made in power plants by splitting of nuclei of heavy atoms, such as Uranium.  This splitting of nuclei release a very large amount of energy. DEFINITION:

5.  Fission of the nuclei of some heavy elements o Power station o Marine propulsion  Fussion of the nuclei of certain light elements o Uncontrolled release of power (Hydrogen bomb) TYPES OF NUCLEAR REACTION:

6.  UK CALDER POWER STATION (1956) o Gas cooled reactor in UK  PRESSURISED WATER REACTOR IN USA FIRST COMMERCIAL APPLICATION:

8. o Nuclear energy created by mechanism called reactor. o The power source is heat produced by nuclear fission chain reaction which involves an element, struck by neutron and splitting. o This results to smaller atoms, radiations and more neutrons. Again it strikes other atoms, creating chain reaction o Reactions is controlled by neutron moderators, which depending on design of reactor MECHANISM:

9. v U 235 U 236 Ba 141Kr 95 Lighter Nuclei CHAIN REACTION

10.  Nuclear power is both simple and complex. o Fission neutrons produce great heat. o Heat placed in water makes steam. o Steams accelerates a turbines which turn powers a generator to make ELECTRICITY. BRIEF HISTORY:

11.  According to International Atomic energy Agency, there were 437 nuclear power plants.  The five countries most reliant on nuclear energy are France, Lithuania, Belgium, Slovakia and Ukarine.  India is in the 15 th place of producing electricity (4,780 MW) – World production as 374, 411 MW. COUNTRIES INVOLVES IN NUCLEAR PLANTS:

13.  Nuclear plants bring jobs and prosperity to a country  Its good for the economy.  Lots of energy is produced from small amount of Uranium  Does not emit carbon dioxide (Green house effect)  Little pollution.  Provides world with most of its electricity  Canada has easy access to Uranium ADVANTAGES:

14.  Disposing of nuclear waste is very difficult.  Radioactive wastes takes years to be no longer hazardous  Waste to be stored very carefully for long time.  Storage is a huge problem, since it’s a radioactive.  Very expensive.  Uranium is not renewable leads to environmental problems. DISADVANTAGES:

15.  Energy supply security.  Enhances technology exports.  Electricity price stability.  Intellectual capital gains.  Improved competitively and productivity.  Direct effects on resources.  Currency appreciation and enhanced economic growth. FACTS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY: