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Have an understanding what the Autism Spectrum is Identify some typical characteristics Asperger’s Recognize normal responses and someone diagnosed with Asperger ◦ Brian ◦ Social Environment Construct simple strategies for the classroom
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Egocentric thought….similar to children.
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3x=12 Typical Response: 4 ASD Response: Concrete, literal thinker
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Diagnosis = ◦ Impairments in social interaction ◦ Stereotyped or restricted behaviors (in activities and/or interests) ◦ No delays in cognitive or language development Typical characteristics = ◦ Preoccupation with or narrow subject ◦ One-sided conversation (little professor) ◦ Restricted prosody (mechanical, robotic) ◦ Physical clumsiness, low tone ◦ Sensitivity to light, sound, touch Proposed Changes: Eliminate Asperger's and Diagnose Autism Spectrum Disorder (degrees)
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Intelligent – good memory Logical thinker – good at details and procedures Reliable, punctual, on-task Thinks in concrete or literal terms – not in the abstract ◦ Doesn’t get sarcasm, idioms, or metaphors ◦ Challenges with problem-solving/higher level thinking Finds social situations confusing – doesn’t get social subtleties (i.e., body language, facial expressions, nonverbal cues) Tends not to make small talk Focuses on self interests – doesn’t reciprocate Lacks empathy – doesn’t understand others’ perspectives Has difficulty making friends – is often rude Stresses when routines are changed – inflexible, repetitive May be easily annoyed or easily frustrated Reacts without thinking of consequences
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Want to be social, they just don’t know how. ◦ Brain wired differently (not a mental illness) ◦ Main priority = own hobbies or interests ◦ Don’t know all the “rules behind the rules” Thus…uneasy in groups and social conversations Grandin: “anthropologist on Mars” Joliffe: “like being an alien”
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“Neurological dysfunction of unknown ideology” fMRI shows when information is presented it takes 7x longer for ASD individuals to process What do you see?
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One student says he saw a movie this weekend. ◦ Typical response: “How was it?” ◦ Asperger’s response: “Star Wars is my favorite…” and continued conversation despite the rest of the group’s interest Student says “I got into a car accident this morning.” ◦ Typical response: “Sorry to hear that. Are you okay?” ◦ Asperger’s response: “How fast were you going?” or trivia about NASCAR or the number of accidents in a year Student says “I need to rein it in before I lose my mind.” ◦ Typical response: [serious] “Can I help?” or [sarcastic] “Yeah, you obviously need to get a grip! Let’s let loose this weekend.” ◦ Asperger’s response: either doesn’t understand the statement, frowns at the group, or visualizes losing a mind around reins
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Know student and integrate his/her interests Provide clear, simple, direct conversation (less words) ◦ Use visuals (schedules, directions, when to start/finish) Assist with content that requires inference ◦ Be cautious not to rush “think time” for questions/readings Give boundaries, structure to expectations ◦ Tasks (Calendar, Organizers) and Behavior (Guides, Models) Access to notes, outlines, content prior to & after class Offer extended time and private space for tests Use technology, devices, computers especially for writing Direct to quiet, safe places on campus (cubical, library) Establish peer support group models (ADA) Connect with deans/admissions officers
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Handling impulses for noise, words ◦ De-escalate strategies (focus on replacement) Getting students to engage in task ◦ instead of preferred activity (if-then agreement) Work completion, getting through course from start to finish, breaking assignments down ◦ Balance between life skills and expectations ◦ Self-advocate/self-monitor/self-manage Visual strategies – Venn Diagrams, Graphic Organizers, KWL Charts, Preview Vocabulary, Chunking, Scaffolding, Mnemonics, Checklists
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Avoid aversives if possible - can add to stress Focus on reinforcing appropriate behaviors and replacing undesireable behaviors Don’t label (“You look angry”) Don’t sound vague (“Be polite”) Be specific: At this time we are ____ I expect _____. Be empathetic: I am sorry you are ____. Be supportive : I’d like to schedule a time to talk to you about this. Be proactive: This was hard. Instead of ____ you could ____ Why is it happening? (what’s the reason) Prevention is the best intervention. http://www.relationalturningpoints.org/uploads/Resour ces_-_Preventing_Conflict.pdf
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www.mucollegesupport.blogspot.com www.mucollegesupport.blogspot.com http://www.education.com/topic/aspergers/ http://www.education.com/topic/aspergers/ Temple Grandin – Doctor of Animal Science at the Colorado State (Thinking in Pictures) http://www.autism-society.org/about- autism/aspergers-syndrome/resources/ http://www.autism-society.org/about- autism/aspergers-syndrome/resources/ http://www.yourlittleprofessor.com/college.html http://www.yourlittleprofessor.com/college.html
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Harpur, Lawlor, Fitzgerald. Succeeding in College with Asperger Syndrome (2002) Bedrossina, Pennamon. College Students with Asperger Syndrome: Practical Strategies for Academic and Social Success (2007) Organizations for Autism Research ◦ http://www.usautism.org/ http://www.usautism.org/
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