1. Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools: Reinventing the High School Experience Bob Pearlman bobpearlman@mindspring.com http://www.bobpearlman.org bobpearlman@mindspring.com http://www.bobpearlman.org Building Learning Communities Conference July 23, 2003

2. 2 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools Released Monday, July 7, At NECC

3. 3 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools Who is Bob Pearlman?… Teacher of High School Mathematics and Computers, 1969-88 Coordinator of Educational Reform Initiatives, Boston Teachers Union, 1987 to 1996 President, Autodesk Foundation, 1996-2000 Director of Education & Workforce Development, Joint Venture: Silicon Valley Network, 2000-2001

4. 4 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools …and why is he talking about 21 st century skills and changing the high school experience? National Consultant on Educational Technology, American Federation of Teachers, 1988-91 (Dade County, St. Paul Saturn School) “New School Travel Agent”, 1990-94 Associate Director, Co-NECT School New American School Design, 1992-93 Director of Strategic Planning, New Technology Foundation (Napa, CA)

5. 5 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools Your High School, 1964-- ??? Where were you in 1964?

6. 6 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools Penncrest High School, Media, PA 9 th grade house Flexibility to adapt to departmental or team structure Flexible classrooms that can be adapted to different instructional uses Community Center Capacity 1600

7. 7 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools What if we asked the kids?

8. 8 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools “To Kate especially, for reminding me by means of concrete detail just how horrible high school can be, and how lucky we all are to escape more or less intact.” Acknowledgments Richard Russo Empire Falls (2001)

9. 9 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools School I'd Like competition The Guardian Newspaper http://education.guardian.co.uk/schools/story/0,5500,501374,00.html http://education.guardian.co.uk/schools/story/0,5500,501374,00.html High Schools are “Institutions of today run on the principles of yesterday” -- 15-year old British girl, 1967

10. 10 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools School I'd Like competition The Guardian Newspaper http://education.guardian.co.uk/schools/story/0,5500,501374,00.html http://education.guardian.co.uk/schools/story/0,5500,501374,00.html The school we'd like is (2000): A beautiful school with glass dome roofs to let in the light, uncluttered classrooms and brightly coloured walls. A safe school with swipe cards for the school gate, anti-bully alarms, first aid classes, and someone to talk to about our problems. A listening school with children on the governing body, class representatives and the chance to vote for the teachers. A flexible school without rigid timetables or exams, without compulsory homework, without a one-size-fits-all curriculum, so we can follow our own interests and spend more time on what we enjoy.

11. 11 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools The School that I’d Like, 2000 A relevant school where we learn through experience, experiments and exploration, with trips to historic sites and teachers who have practical experience of what they teach. A respectful school where we are not treated as empty vessels to be filled with information, where teachers treat us as individuals, where children and adults can talk freely to each other, and our opinion matters. A school without walls so we can go outside to learn, with animals to look after and wild gardens to explore. A school for everybody with boys and girls from all backgrounds and abilities, with no grading, so we don't compete against each other, but just do our best.

12. 12 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools The School that I’d Like Safe Respect Personal Interests Experience Real World Workspace Tools

13. 13 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools “If I Could Make a School” by student Pooja Agarwal, (Learning and Leading with Technology, November 2001), Student Technology Leadership Symposium, June 23-24, 2001, held in conjunction with NECC, by the International Society of Technology in Education (ISTE) U.S. student leaders want schools that : Are Fun End lecturing from a textbook Institute problem-based, discovery-based, and inquiry-based curricula Implement “real life” situations and hands-on learning Shape the curriculum with student internship experiences Build relationships and “animated mutual learning” between adults and students Provide an “inviting” physical environment Provide the technology tools for students and teachers to do their work.

14. 14 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools Changing Reality Changing Skills Design Criteria

15. 15 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools Changing Reality Will your Region circa 2030 be vastly different from today?

16. 16 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools Fall, 2000 – The Dot.Com bust Spring, 2001 – The Technology and Telecommunications sectors go bust Fall, 2001 to present – The Blue Chips drop 50% The First Recession of the New Millennium

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18. 18 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools What region or regions will be best poised to grow during the next recovery?

19. 19 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools Internet Cluster Regions – U.S. Boston “Route 128” Boston “Route 128” New York — “Silicon Alley” New York — “Silicon Alley” Washington, D.C. “Silicon Dominion” Austin — “Silicon Hills” Austin — “Silicon Hills” Seattle — “Silicon Forest” Seattle — “Silicon Forest” Research Triangle “Silicon Triangle” Chicago “Silicon City” Chicago “Silicon City” Miami “Silicon Beach” Atlanta “Capital of the New South” Los Angeles “Digital Coast” San Francisco “Multimedia Gulch” San Francisco “Multimedia Gulch” Silicon Valley

20. 20 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools Global Internet Cluster Regions Japan “Bit Valley” Canada “Silicon Valley North” United Kingdom “Silicon Kingdom” Scandinavia “Wireless Valley” Germany “Silicon Saxony” France “Telecom Valley” Israel “Silicon wadi” China/Hong Kong “Cyber Port” India Singapore “Intelligent Island” United States

21. 21 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools Silicon Valley, 2000 40% of workforce in 7 high-tech clusters

22. 22 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools VALLEY OF HEART’S DELIGHT Silicon Valley, 1970

23. 23 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools Workforce Gap What Workforce Gap? The

24. 24 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools The workforce gap in the Silicon Valley has widened from 160,000 in 1997 to 216,000 in 2000. Most alarming is the increase in the levels of unfilled positions Note:(1) Data is as of 10/2000. The total demand for high-tech industry clusters was 468,000 in 1997 Source: A.T. Kearney Analysis, Workforce Study Commuters Outside Recruits Unfilled Positions 160 216 Estimated Gap For High-Tech Industry Clusters - 2000 (In Thousands) Total Demand For High-Tech Industry Clusters - 2000 Local Labor and Voluntary Movers 62% Unfilled Positions 11% Outside Recruits 7% Commuters 21% 100% = 570,000 (1)

25. 25 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools The incremental costs to businesses in the Silicon Valley due to this workforce “gap” have escalated to over $6 billion annually 9.2 2.6 7.8 Opportunity Costs 56% Hiring Costs 2% Turn-over Costs 16% Salary Premium 26% Opportunity Costs Turn- over Costs Hiring Costs Salary Premium Source: A.T. Kearney Analysis, Workforce Study Annual Workforce Gap Costs ($ Billions) Incremental Cost Components (%) 100% = $5.2-$6.6 billions

26. 26 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools What’s the connection between economic success and student success?

27. 27 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools Education => Student Success The Old Formula:

28. 28 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools So what do kids need to know and be able to do?

29. 29 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools SCANS Workplace Know-How (1991) Competencies – effective workers can productively use: Resources -- identifying, organizing, planning, and allocating time, money, materials, and workers; Interpersonal Skills -- negotiating, exercising leadership, working with diversity, teaching others new skills, serving clients and customers, and participating as a team member; Information Skills -- using computers to process information and acquiring and evaluating, organizing and maintaining, and interpreting and communicating information; Systems Skills -- understanding systems, monitoring and correcting system performance, and improving and designing systems; and Technology utilization skills -- selecting technology, applying technology to a task, and maintaining and troubleshooting technology. Source: What Work Requires of School, 1991, Secretary's Commission on Achieving Necessary Skills, U.S. Department of Labor

30. 30 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools SCANS Workplace Know-How (1991) The Foundation – competence requires: Basic Skills -- reading, writing, speaking, listening, and knowing arithmetic and mathematical concepts; Thinking Skills -- reasoning, making decisions, thinking creatively, solving problems, seeing things in the mind's eye, and knowing how to learn; and Personal Qualities -- responsibility, self-esteem, sociability, self- management, integrity, and honesty.

31. 31 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools Written for NCREL by Cheryl Lemke, Metiri Group Sources: What Work Requires of School, 1991, Secretary's Commission on Achieving Necessary Skills, U.S. Department of Labor A Nation of Opportunity: Building America's 21st Century Workforce, 2000, 21st Century Workforce Commission, U.S. Congress Preparing Students for the 21st Century, 1996, American Association of School Administrators

32. 32 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools Job Outlook 2002, National Association of Colleges and Employers (NACE)

33. 33 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools Working in the Real World (i.e. California?) Projects, projects, projects Teamwork and collaboration Self-direction Interpersonal skills and Networking No one asks about your formal education

34. 34 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools Released Monday, July 7, At NECC www.21stcenturyskills.org

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43. 43 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools How do students get these skills? Do students want to get these skills?

44. 44 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools Summary of findings The workforce gap in Silicon Valley, comprised of unfilled positions, outside recruits and commuters, has increased by over 25% since 1997 and cost business more than $6 billion a year in 2000. High access does not appear to translate into high awareness of or motivation to pursue technology careers. Motivation to pursue technology careers is less among females than males. Social networks for technology acclimation drive an individual’s motivation and preparation to pursue technology careers There are fewer technology related networking opportunities for Hispanics and African Americans than for Asians and Whites. “Social networks that can bridge across geography, race and class are key to success in the new economy. ‘Hard’ skills are essential, but it’s the connections and mentoring that provide information about what skills are necessary and a vision of how acquiring them can lead to new opportunities for all our residents”. -- Professor Manuel Pastor, Jr., University of California, Santa Cruz

45. 45 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools … and how will they get these skills? Awareness Interest Motivation Preparation

46. 46 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools Strategies that Make a Difference Engagement Hands-on Adult connections Internships Real World immersion

47. 47 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools Education => Student Success + Skills (Hard + Soft) + Social Networks The New Formula:

48. 48 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools There is a big difference between a successful school and a school of successful students! Academics, technology access, and career information are the foundation, but they are not enough Equally important is student motivation stimulated by experience, adult and real world immersion, and an expanding social network

49. 49 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools So what do schools look like where students get 21st Century Knowledge and Skills?

50. 50 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools Design Criteria Design Principles Design Elements Kids Needs: Safe Respect Personal Interests Program, Facility, Transitions, Exhibitions, Advisories, Technology, Projects, Portfolios, Internships, Size and Teams Personalization Common Learning Goals Adult World Immersion Performance-Based Student Work & Assessment Experience Real World Workspace Tools

51. 51 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools Target Tech 1 -- Ubiquitous 2 to 1 or less 100% or more; Direct connectivity and Adequate Bandwidth Large numbers of Computers for both teachers and students. Use in most classes and subjects on a daily basis. Target Tech 2 -- Early Network Effects 1 to 1 Widespread use of common platforms like student lessons and administrative applications. Common network folders. Target Tech 3 -- Significant Network Effects 1 to 1 100% or more; Direct connectivity, Adequate Bandwidth, Home Access Managed e-Learning Environment. Schoolwide Intranet for all programs and access from home for students and parents. Integration across courses and common development of student’s 21 st century skills. Target Tech 4 -- Replication and Dissemination 1 to 1 100% or more; Direct connectivity, Adequate Bandwidth, Home Access, Web Hosting Mature managed e-Learning Environment. School instructional and communication resources available 24/7 to students, teachers, and parents. Ready for replication to and use by other schools. Stages of Educational Technology Implementation http://www.bobpearlman.org/BestPractices/Stages.htm

52. 52 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools Providence, RI http://www.bigpicture.orghttp://www.bigpicture.org Learning Through Internships (LTI). A Big Picture innovation that places students with mentors in "real world" settings Family Engagement. The family is the child's primary teacher and is the consistent element throughout the child's schooling One Kid at a Time Projects in Real-World Settings Model for using physical space to facilitate learning. The facility includes spaces for team building, for technology, for study, and for large and small conversations Dennis Littky Elliot Washor

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54. 54 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools New Technology High School Napa, California http://www.newtechhigh.org/  Integrating technology into every class  Interdisciplinary and project-based  Internship class consisting of classroom curriculum and unpaid work in technology, business or education  Digital Portfolio http://www.newtechfoundation.org/nthlearning.html

55. 55 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools New Technology HS LEARNING OUTCOMES TECHNOLOGY LITERACY COLLABORATION CRITICAL THINKING ORAL COMMUNICATION WRITTEN COMMUNICATION CAREER PREPARATION CITIZENSHIP AND ETHICS CURRICULAR LITERACY (CONTENT STANDARDS)

56. 56 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools Methodology: Teaching Strategies At the core of the NTH Learning System’s methodology is a student centered, project and problem based teaching strategy that is tied to both content standards and school wide learning outcomes.

57. 57 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools January 15, 2003 Project-Based Learning: a Primer By Gwen Solomon Walk into team teachers Mike Smith and Jetti Matzke’s interdisciplinary classroom at Napa New Technology High School in California and you will see students at work-writing in online journals, doing research on the Internet, meeting in groups to plan and create Web sites and digital media presentations, and evaluating their peers for collaboration and presentation skills. This setting and these types of activities have a name and a purpose. It's called project- based learning, and it's designed to engage students and empower them with responsibility for their own education in ways unheard of in traditional classrooms.

58. 58 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools COMMON MISCONCEPTION Technology is the Tool, Not the Focus Less than 20% of our students are interested in pursuing a career in technology.

59. 59 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools AMERICAN STUDIES United States History American Literature SCIENTIFIC STUDIES Algebra II Physics POLITICAL STUDIES Government/Economics Political Literature 2 teachers, 40 students, meeting for 2 hour blocks each day INTEGRATED COURSES

60. 60 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools DIGITAL MEDIA COLLEGE COURSES SENIOR PROJECTS PROFESSIONAL PORTFOLIOS INTERNSHIPS & COMMUNITY SERVICE ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS

61. 61 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools TECHNOLOGY TOOLS FOR …  Learning  Curriculum  Communication  Assessment  Scalability* Computerized Tutorials On-Line Curriculum E-Library Academic Systems Document Libraries Project Design Template Project Standardization Digital Textbooks Student E-Mail Parent E-Bulletin Online Curriculum Internship Coordination Digital Gradebooks Student Journals Collaboration Database Learning Logs PBL Unit Library Customizable Templates Support Databases Account Management

62. 62 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools TOOLS: PROJECT BRIEFCASE The Project Briefcase allows teachers to put all project materials in one spot for easy student access and to share with other teachers.

63. 63 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools The New Technology Project Library We have assembled a collection of projects created by teachers trained in PBL unit development, reviewed, and tested in the classroom. These projects can be downloaded and modified by any teacher with a connection to the internet.

64. 64 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools TOOLS: COURSE AGENDA The Course Agenda helps keep complicated projects organized.

65. 65 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools Teachers enter activities for each day including links to resources and homework assignments.

66. 66 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools TOOLS: PEER COLLABORATION EVALUATOR Students submit evaluations using a standardized rubric for the whole school.

67. 67 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools TOOLS: PRESENTATION EVALUATION DATABASE

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70. 70 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools COMMUNICATION TOOLS STUDENT DATA COLLECTION CURRICULUM LIBRARY DIGITAL PORTFOLIO NTHS GRADEBOOK COLLABORATION EVALUATOR DISCUSSION BULLETIN BOARDS What is the Learning System? The NTH Learning System ™ is a set of tools and technologies that support a student-centered, project- and problem-based learning environment.

71. 71 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools Personalization Projects Exhibitions Digital Portfolios Internships Technology Reinvent the High School Experience!

72. 72 108319_Macros Designing the 21 st Century Secondary Schools Bob Pearlman bobpearlman@mindspring.org http://www.bobpearlman.org "New Ingredient for Student Success: Social Networks" http://www.bobpearlman.org/Articles/Student_Success.htm http://www.bobpearlman.org/Articles/Student_Success.htm “Reinventing the High School Experience“ http://www.ascd.org/readingroom/edlead/0204/pearlman.html