1. GENDER MAINSTREAMING IN PROJECT DESIGN
Phuong Pham
PhD Candidate
Gender and Development Studies/SERD/AIT

2. What is Gender Mainstreaming?
Why do we need Gender Mainstreaming?
Objectives of Gender Mainstreaming?
How to do Gender Mainstreaming?

3. What is gender mainstreaming???
Mainstreaming a gender perspective is a strategy for making the concerns and experiences of women as well as of men an integral part of the design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of policies and programmes in all political, economic and societal spheres, so that women and men benefit equally, and inequality is not perpetuated. The ultimate goal of mainstreaming is to achieve gender equality
July 1997, the United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC)

4. What is Gender Mainstreaming?
Gender mainstreaming is a strategy developing policies, legislation, programs, project, society and community’s development plans from gender der equality perspective in order benefit both women and men.

5. Why do we need Gender Mainstreaming?
Gender differentiated division of labour
Gender Inequity
Gender differentiated needs, interests, etc.
Society and family’s gender differentiated expectations and

6. Gender inequity related issues

7. Gender division of labour

8. Gender division of labour

9. Society and family’s gender differentiated expectations and

10. Objectives of mainstreaming gender issues projects
Reduce gender inequities that may exist in a given project area;
Ensure women and men’s specific needs are satisfied, that they benefit from the project and that the project impacts positively on their lives;
Create the conditions for the equitable access of men and women to project resources and benefits;
Create the conditions for the equitable participation in project implementation and decision making processes.

11. Three level of Gender Maistreaming
At legislation, policies, strategies level
At organization, department level
At household, family level
Law of Gender Equity
Gender equity is achieved when women and men have equal roles and positions, are provided equal conditions, opportunities in developing their abilities for the development of community, family, and equally benefit from development’s achievement

12. GENDER MAINSTREAMING IN PROJECT CYCLE
Analysis
Problem Identification/Need assessment
Project planning
Implementation
Monitoring and Evaluation

13. CASE STUDIES- Milk production project in Nepal

14. Project planning (1) Goal Objectives Results Indicators Resources
To improve the living conditions of people, especially women in poor communities in Danang city
1. To develop the employment opportunities for both women and men of target group
- Level of education of both women and men in the target area is improved
- The vocational skills of both women and men in the target area are improved

15. Project planning (2) Goal Objectives Results Indicators Resources
To improve the living conditions of people, especially women in poor communities in Danang city
2. To improve economic opportunities for both women and men of the target group
- Micro credit program is developed for the target group, especially women
- The capacity and skills in running business of target group, especially women is increased

16. Monitoring and Evaluation INDICATORS
SMART S
Specific
Indicator has to be specific. It must be translated into operational terms and made visible M
Measureable
Indicator has to be quantifiable, can be aggregated, and allow further statistical analysis of the data A
Achievable
Indicators must be attainable at reasonable cost using appropriate method R
Relevant
Indicators should be relevant to the management information needs of the people who will use the data t
Time bound
Result or outcome being measured has a target date

17. Monitoring and Evaluation INDICATORS
General indicators
Gender sensitive indicators
Number of participants attended training
Number of women and men attended the training
Number of farmers are able to do the farming with new technology
Number of female and male farmers are able to do the farming with new technology
The staffs are competent enough to perform the task
Female and male staffs are equally competent enough to perform the tasks
Number of director and deputy director of provincial department
Number of female and male director and deputy director of provincial department

18. To achieve its objectives regarding gender…
● there is a strategy for mainstreaming gender;
● staff have an awareness of gender sensitive issues;
● the project incorporates methods which will facilitate the participation of both men and women;
● the monitoring and evaluation system incorporates gender disaggregated data and provides gender impact indicators;
● adequate human and financial resources are available.

19. What to expect in a successful gender mainstreaming project
Equal participation by men and women in the decision-making processes for setting priorities and allocating resources
Equal access to and control over society’s opportunities, resources and development outcomes by women and men
Equal recognition and status for men and women
Women and men enjoy equal human rights
Equal improvements in and standards of quality of life for women and men

20. Crucial elements of a successful gender mainstreaming project
● strengthening of gender aspects both conceptually and operationally in all project components
● the need to define strategies for operationalizing gender issues;
● the need to define participatory strategies, practical tools and viable action plans for incorporating gender aspects in project components and subcomponents;
● the need to develop and adjust training programmes in gender at project coordination unit, beneficiary and intermediary levels the need to identify gender sensitive indicators for project monitoring and evaluation;
● the need for projects to offer more profitable productive activities for both men and women

21. Basic Principles of Gender Mainstreaming (1)
• Adequate accountability mechanisms for monitoring progress need to be established. • The initial identification of issues and problems across all area(s) of activity should be such that gender differences and disparities can be diagnosed. • Assumptions that issues or problems are neutral from a gender-equality perspective should never be made. • Gender analysis should always be carried out.

22. Basic Principles of Gender Mainstreaming (2)
• Clear political will and allocation of adequate resources for mainstreaming, including additional financial and human resources if necessary, are important for translation of the concept into practice. • Gender mainstreaming requires that efforts be made to broaden women's equitable participation at all levels of decision-making. • Mainstreaming does not replace the need for targeted, women-specific policies and programmes, and positive legislation; nor does it do away with the need for gender units or focal points

23. CASE STUDIES – Successful example of gender mainstreaming project
Case study in Ninh Binh – cho phụ nữ hộ nghèo vay vốn tín dụng

24. Exercise The Co Tu in Quang Nam province
Gender issues: highly patriarchal, women do all the all, women are not involved in decision making process. Men used to do hunting but it’s no longer legal.
Major livelihoods: upland shifting cultivation, NTFPs gathering
High poverty rate
=> design a gender mainstreaming livelihood improvement project