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Las Delicias, El Salvador Water Supply Project Current Project Status, January 2010 Richard Cairncross & David Haussler
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Presentation Outline Overview of Las Delicias Community Current Water Supply System and Challenges Proposed Improvement to Water System – Phase I (May 2012) New Water Tank at Intermediate Elevation New Supply pipeline and distribution pipeline – Phase II (Fall 2012) New pump Improvements to distribution system Logistics and Implementation
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Las Delicias, El Salvador Las Delicias
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Las Delicias, El Salvador Community Facts – ~600 homes, 3000 residents – 15 miles NW of San Salvador – On Western Slopes of Volcan San Salvador – Homes Spread Out, but Las Delicias is Bordered by Several Similar Communities – Water Storage & Piping System installed 20 years ago With Water Delivery by Truck – Well and Pump Installed < 5 years ago – Residents are Poor (<$10/week income) – Community Well-Organized through Adesco and NGOs (FIAT & FIMRC) – Able to spend about $5 per household on water each month Project History Project FIAT and FIMRC have been active in Las Delicias for > 5 years Initial Contact with Project FIAT January 2009 Application to EWB-USA March 2009 Project Approved May 2009 Preliminary Assessment Visit July 2009 First Assessment Trip July 2010 Second Assessment Trip November 2011
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Current Las Delicias Water System DOWNHILL
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Las Delicias Community Map with Piping System Pump Runs 6 Hours a day 3 days/week. Pump flows about 150 GPM.
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Map of Las Delicias Water System DOWNHILL
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Map of current Las Delicias Water System from ADESCO with approx house locations indicated
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Summary of Existing Water System
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260 Homes Served by Tanque 3 33 Homes Served by Tanque 2 291 Homes Served by Tanque 1 Current Water Distribution System DOWNHILL
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Challenges to Las Delicias Water Supply System
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Proposed Updates to Las Delicias Water System Objectives – Utilize existing and new tank at intermediate elevation to supply water to lower half of Las Delicias – With new pump and supply line reduced electricity costs – Improved distribution system more equitable water supply to all homes Phase I (May 2012) – New Water Tank at Intermediate Elevation – New Supply pipeline and distribution pipeline Phase II (Fall 2012) – New pump – Improvements to distribution system – Improving power factor for pump – Enabling pumping during nighttime to take advantage of lower rates
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117 Homes Served by Tanque 3 33 Homes Served by Tanque 2 154 Homes Served by Tanque 1 Proposed Water Distribution System 280 Homes Served by New Tank DOWNHILL
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Modified water system
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Summary of potential changes in water distribution system CURRENT SYSTEM Storage – Tanque 1: 35,000 gal – Tanque 2: 11,000 gal – Tanque 3: 25,000 gal Pump supplies water to Tanques 1 & 3 at 175 gpm, ~3 days per week Spring supplies water to Tanque 2 (and other tanques) Homes serviced by Tanques 1.291 2.33 3.260 PROPOSED MODIFICATION Storage – Tanque 1: 35,000 gal – Tanque 2: 11,000 gal – Tanque 3: 25,000 gal – New Tank: 28,600 gal Current 65 HP Pump supplies water to Tanques 1 & 3 at 175 gpm New pump supplies water to new tank at 175 gpm with much lower head Homes serviced by Tanques 1.154 2.33 3.117 New: 280 New tank reduces demand of water from Tanques 1&2 (which require high head) by roughly 50%
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Design of New Tank
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Tank Design Concrete block vs concrete Assumed strength of concrete Tank seal at base of wall
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Coupling system between 2 Tanks with different height/elevation
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Design of Additional Pipelines for - supplying water to tank - distributing water
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Map of Current Water System (section relevant for EWB-MAP modifications) RED lines – supply lines to tank (uphill by pump) BLUE lines – distributions lines by gravity DOWNHILL
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Proposed update to Water System (section relevant for EWB-MAP modifications) RED lines – supply lines to tank (uphill by pump) BLUE lines – distributions lines by gravity NEW SUPPLY LINE 1 NEW DISTRIBUTION LINE 2c NEW DISTRIBUTION LINE 2a NEW DISTRIBUTION LINE 2b NEW TANK A B C D E F DOWNHILL
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Piping System Layout New Pipelines Supply Line 1 to new tank (A-B-C) – Length = 365 m + tank connection (assume + 10 m) = 375 m – 1 bend, 1 tee, 3 elbow, 2 valves, 1 exit – 17 m elevation rise + tank height – Hill rises to 643 m then valley falls t0 640 m on connecting road (D-B) – ~175 gpm flowrate Distribution line connection 2a from lower Tramo 3b to lower Tramo 6 (E-F) – 105 m length, elevation change unclear, guess 10 m drop Distribution connection 2b from upper Tramo 3b to upper Tramo 6 (B-D) – 120 m length, 8 meter drop with low point at 640 m (3 m below D) Distribution line 2c from new tank to new connections (C-B-E) – 255 m length, 11 meter elevation drop Waypoints PointLocationElevation ACalle Principal638 m BIntersection at Field 651 m CNew tank655 m DEnd of upper Tramo 6 643 m EEnd of lower Tramo 3b 640 m FEnd of lower Tramo 6 ?? Guess 630 m
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Proposed update to Water System (section relevant for EWB-MAP modifications) RED lines – supply lines to tank (uphill by pump) BLUE lines – distributions lines by gravity NEW SUPPLY LINE 1 NEW TANK A B C 105 m 20 m 240 m DOWNHILL
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A B C 105 m 240 m D 638 m 640 m 643 m 651 m Elevation: 640 m 655 m Supply Pipe 1 Pipe Profile NEW TANK Tee connect to 6” pipe Gate Valve 45° Elbow 90° Elbow with anchor Gate Valve 90° Elbow Pipe Exit PIPE FITTINGS Tee with Manual Air release valve Tee with Manual drain valve Road Crossing
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Estimate of head losses in supply pipe 1 (smooth PVC) 4” PVC sufficient to keep major and minor losses to <10% of the elevation change
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Supply Pipe 1 Trenching Based on recommendations from EWB Water Resource Guidelines and advice from Tony Sauder: – 70 cm trench depth (45 cm depth acceptable except in road crossing) with pipe buried below 50 cm – 10 cm bedding (2-12 mm soil) if stones/rocks present in trench – Back-fill with soil that is free of lumps, from stones (>3 cm), and from organic matter – PVC pipe joined in trench and cure for >10 hr prior to pressurizing. Keep joints exposed to check for leaks – For road crossing, may bury PVC pipe inside steel or concrete pipe (ID > diameter of PVC joints); final decision to be made in the field after evaluating potential for erosion 70 cm trench depth 10 cm bedding 10 cm 50 cm
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Valve Boxes Design options – Obtain pre-cast valve boxes with lockable lids locally – Build from bricks and mortar with metal lids Specifications – 4” Pipe centered about 55 cm below ground level – Box should extend 10 cm above ground level – Internal dimensions roughly 45cmx45cm – Place support under valve Photos of current valve boxes installed in Las Delicias
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Design of Valve Boxes from a prior EWB project Adjust Dimensions based on local conditions For Single 4” pipe
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Thrust Anchors for Elbows &Tees From Russ Turner, Tetratech
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Thrust Anchor Dimensions Based on 4” PVC PIPE 50 cm Trench Depth Height of Anchor 25 cm Length of Anchor Backing against undisturbed material: 90° BEND: L = 80 cm 45° BEND: L = 40 cm Tee: L = 40 cm
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Summary of May 2012 Implementation
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Summary of Finances for Implementation
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Plans for Phase II Implementation (Fall 2012)
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Logistics and Implementation Plan
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Schedule for Implementation
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Contingency Plans (worst case scenarios) for Implementation
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Material Procurement Emphasize connections through Project FIAT
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