1. DEPARTMENT OF COUNSELLING
Cataract

2. What is cataract? The lens is normally clear and transparent
It allows light rays to pass through easily
The lens of the eye is essential for good vision
When a cataract develops, this lens becomes cloudy and opaque
Its ability to transmit light decreases with a gradual decrease in vision

3. Cataract is not a new growth or a film over the eye
Cataract is not a new growth or a film over the eye. In most cases, it is just part of the aging process
It is not contagious
Types of Cataract:
There are many types of cataracts. A change in the chemical composition of the lens causes most cataracts. They are
Senile Cataract
Congenital Cataract
Traumatic Cataract
Secondary Cataract
Drug – induced Cataract

4. Senile Cataract:
This is the most common type of cataract, comprising 80 percent of the total cataracts, it occurs in patients above the age of 50
Congenital Cataract:
Cataracts in children are rare. They are caused by infection of the mother during pregnancy, or they may be hereditary
Traumatic Cataract:
Eye injuries may cause cataracts to the patients of any age
Secondary Cataract:
Eye diseases, like glaucoma, iritis, eye tumours, and diabetes may cause cataracts
Drug induced Cataract:
Prolonged treatment with, Steroid drugs, either for local
Ex: Systemic diseases (Asthma) may led to cataract formation

5. Symptoms Blurring or dimness of vision Feeling of a film over the eyes
Sensitivity to light and glare
Double vision
Change in colour or pupil

6. Treatment options in cataract
Surgery

7. Removal of the clouded lens by surgery is the only treatment
Neither medication nor a change of glasses will improve vision
A cataract operation is performed under local anesthesia or topical anesthesia .The clouded lens is removed and replaced by an intraocular lens (IOL)
In topical anesthesia, eye drops are put into the eye and there is no need of an injection
Before IOL surgery came into existence, glasses with high power (Aphakic spectacles) were prescribed, after cataract extractions

8. Types of Surgeries There are two types
IOL implantation with sutures for closing the wound
Local anesthesia is given and a 10 mm incision is made in the eye
The clouded lens is removed and replaced by an IOL
The incision is then closed with sutures
The entire procedure takes only about 15 minutes

9. 1. SISCS (Small Incision Sutureless Cataract Surgery)
SISCS with IOL, is an economical alternative to Phaco, where a self-sealing tunnel, is made to do surgery
It has the same benefits in Phaco with IOL, and is very suitable for developing countries

10. 2. Sutureless Phacoemulsification surgery
In Phaco with IOL surgery the cataract is broken into small pieces with high energy sound waves and extracted from the eye through a 3 to 5 mm incision
Advantages:
The wound seals itself and does

11. Intra Ocular lens Implantation
An IOL is a tiny, transparent convex lens made of Poly methyl Methacrylate, (a harmless plastic material) which is inserted in the eye during surgery permanently
Advantages of IOL
Since the lens is placed inside the eye the patient need not wear glasses for distant vision, but they have to wear glasses for reading
Image are clear
Full vision is obtained soon after surgery

12. Advantages of Phaco Small Incision No suture No Irritation No watering
No need for suture removal
Early return to work
No need for hospital stay
Better quality of vision and early recovery of good vision

13. Types of IOL
IOL
Aurofoldable
Acrylic
Auro
Asperic
Natural
Toric

14. Advantages of foldable lens
It can be implanted through, a very small incision
The incision heals faster with early visual recovery
induce less side effects like astigmatism, giving much better quality of vision

15. Posterior Capsular Opacity
After a few months or years of cataract surgery, a membrane may grow behind the IOL, on the posterior capsule causing fall in vision. This is called (PCO) Posterior Capsular Opacity
This membrane can easily be removed with a Laser treatment and good vision can be regained

16. Posterior Capsule Opacification

17. THANK YOU