1. © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012 UN conventions and their role in the stimulation of trade and transport, and elimination of administrative barriers in the Central Asian region Ashgabat, Turkmenistan, May 16, 2012 Ashgabat, Turkmenistan, May 16, 2012 Alexander Zaboev Consultant Consultant

2. Page 2 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012 Historical Great Silk Road

3. Central Asia, Caspian Region and Middle East: Accession to the main UN agreements and conventions related to road transport © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

4. European Agreement on Main International Traffic Arteries, AGR (1975) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

5. European Agreement on Main International Traffic Arteries, AGR (1975) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012 Main provisions -Defines the E road network consisting of numbered arteries channelling major international road traffic flows - Provides the infrastructure parameters to which those arteries should conform - Contracting Parties commit themselves to its implementation, including construction and upgrading of E-roads in their territories, under national plans - No deadlines for implementation

6. Intergovernmental Agreement on the Asian Highway Network (2004) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

7. Intergovernmental Agreement on the Asian Highway Network (2004) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012 Main provisions -Defines the AH road network consisting of numbered arteries channelling major international road traffic flows in Asia -Provides the infrastructure parameters to which those arteries should conform - Contracting Parties commit themselves to its implementation, including construction and upgrading of AH-roads in their territories, under national plans - No deadlines for implementation

8. Convention on Road Traffic (1968) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

9. Convention on Road Traffic (1968) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012 Objectives To facilitate international road traffic To increase road safety Through internationally agreed traffic rules and the reciprocal recognition of documents issued in conformity with those rules Key Provisions Binds Contracting Parties to admit vehicles and drives that fulfill the conditions General and specific rules for Drivers: At all times able to control their vehicle Must hold a driving permit, issued after tests Driving rules: speed, distance, overtaking,.... General rules for Vehicles Must be registered, Registration Certificate Distinguishing Sign of country of registration Recent Amendments: No Hand-held Mobile Phone while driving New information in Driving Permit

10. Convention on Road Signs and Signals (1968) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

11. Convention on Road Signs and Sign (1968) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012 Objectives To facilitate international road traffic To increase road safety Through internationally agreed road traffic signs and signals Key Provisions Three Categories of Road Signs: Danger Warning, Regulatory, Informative Norms on shapes, dimensions, colours, visibility Norms on Traffic Light Signals, Road Markings Road Works and Level Crossings Signs

12. TIR Convention (1975) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

13. TIR Convention (1975) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012 Objective - To facilitate the international carriage of goods by road vehicles/containers across borders - To facilitate the international carriage of goods by road vehicles/containers across borders - Through carefully designed border crossing procedures and an international guarantee chain - Through carefully designed border crossing procedures and an international guarantee chain Key Provisions - Secure, Approved vehicles or containers according to standards - International guarantee system for duties and tax - Mutual recognition of Customs controls - TIR Carnet: Customs and Guarantee document - Controlled access of operators - Electronic instruments: SafeTIR, TIR-EPD, etc.

14. Customs Convention on Temporary Importation of Commercial Road Vehicles (1956) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

15. Customs Convention on Temporary Importation of Commercial Road Vehicles (1956) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012 Objectives To facilitate temporary admission of commercial road vehicles registered in another country Through agreed procedures and in cooperation with road users associations Through agreed procedures and in cooperation with road users associations Key Provisions Carnet de Passage en Douane International Customs document Guarantees vehicle taxes if vehicle not re-exported Procedures for temporary importation, including for claims if no re-exportation of the vehicle

16. Convention on the Harmonization of Frontier Controls of Goods (1982) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

17. Convention on the Harmonization of Frontier Controls of Goods (1982) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012 Objectives To facilitate cross border transport of goods Through nationally coordinated, internationally harmonized, shorter, reduced formalities and controls on goods at borders Through nationally coordinated, internationally harmonized, shorter, reduced formalities and controls on goods at borders Key Provisions Procedures for efficient border controls: Customs, Medico-Sanitary, Veterinary, Phytosanitary, Compliance with technical standards,….(IVWC to follow) Coordination among various national services Cooperation and coordination between border services of adjacent countries, including: Joint controls, Harmonized opening hours, Same controls, … New Annex 8 (2008)

18. Convention on the Contract for the International Carriage of Good by Road, CMR (1956) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

19. Convention on the Contract for the International Carriage of Good by Road, CMR (1956) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012 Objectives To facilitate international road transport Through a commonly agreed transport contract, including contract document and liabilities Key Provisions Defines contract conditions and the document (The Consignment Note and information contained) Fixes carrier’s liability limits in case of total or partial loss of goods or delay The e-Consignment Note is under consideration

20. Protocol to the Convention on the Contract for International Carriage of Goods by Road, CMR (1978) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

21. Additional Protocol to CMR, e-CMR (2008) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

22. European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road, ADR (1957) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

23. European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road, ADR (1957) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012 Objectives - To increase safety of international road transport - To ensure the highest possible safety in the transport of dangerous goods by road in economically sustainable conditions Key Provisions - Identifies dangerous goods admitted international transport (Explosives, Flammable, Radioactive, Toxic, Corrosive,….) - Defines conditions of transport (packagings, tanks, labels, documents, vehicles, training) - Dangerous goods/Vehicles in conformity to be accepted in all Contracting Parties -Parties may prohibit entry on their territory for reasons OTHER than safety during carriage Accession to both ADR and ADR Protocol-1993 is recommended

24. Protocol of 1993 Amending Articles 1 (a), 14 (1) and 14 (3) of ADR (1993) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

25. Agreement on the International Carriage of Perishable Foodstuffs and on the Special Equipment to be used for such Carriage, ATP (1970) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

26. Agreement on the International Carriage of Perishable Foodstuffs and on the Special Equipment to be used for such Carriage, ATP (1970) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012 Objectives To facilitate international transport of perishable foodstuffs To ensure a high level of preservation of quality of perishable foodstuffs during their carriage Key Provisions Harmonized and improved conditions for preservation of the quality of foods Temperature to be observed during the carriage Equipment used (refrigerating capacity, insulating capacity and efficiency of thermal appliances) Equipment must be certified Reciprocal Recognition of Certificates

27. European Agreement concerning the Work of Crews of Vehicles Engaged in International Road Transport, AETR (1970) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012

28. European Agreement concerning the Work of Crews of Vehicles Engaged in International Road Transport, AETR (1970) © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012 Objectives Prevent professional drivers from driving excessive hours, thereby: Preventing serious road accidents due to fatiguePreventing serious road accidents due to fatigue Avoiding distortions in competition conditionsAvoiding distortions in competition conditions Key Provisions Maximum driving period in 1 day& in a 2-week period Minimum rest period after 6 consecutive days and rest period in each period of 24 hours On-board control device (tachograph) and provisions for construction, testing, installation and inspection Provisions for checking at roadside and at companies

29. Page 29 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012 Great Silk Road OASIS

30. Page 30 © International Road Transport Union (IRU) 2012 www.iru.org