1. The Fundamentals of Sentence Writing Simple Sentence: A sentence that has one independent clause John ran home. John ran home and ate dinner. John and I ran home.John and I ran home and ate dinner. Independent Clause: A group of words that 1.makes a complete statement 2.has a subject (S) and a verb (V).

2. The Fundamentals of Sentence Writing 5 Requirements of ANY Sentence Capital Letters Used Properly –Beginning of each sentence and proper nouns Punctuation Used Properly * –Check your comma usage! Has a Named Subject * Has a Named Verb * Makes sense –Read the sentence aloud and ask yourself, “Does this make sense?” * Check your sentence structure to ensure it follows the appropriate format and rules

3. The Fundamentals of Sentence Writing The SUBJECT of a Sentence: The Subject is the PERSON PLACE THING QUALITY Nouns or IDEA that the sentence is about. John went for a walk. PERSON Towns are quiet after snowfalls. PLACE Eggs rolled off the counter. THINGS Silence is golden.QUALITY Peace is at hand. IDEA

4. The Fundamentals of Sentence Writing The VERB of a Sentence: The Verb of a sentence is a word that shows the action or state of being of the subject of the sentence. Sally sneezed.PHYSICAL ACTION John thinks.MENTAL ACTION Jesse is my friend. STATE OF BEING There are also helping verbs and linking verbs. Helping verbs “help” show the action of the sentence. The pig has been eating all day long. Linking verbs “link” or connect the subject of a sentence to a description of itself. She is talented in her role as manager. Linking & helping verbs will often look the same, but they act differently.

5. The Fundamentals of Sentence Writing The VERB of a Sentence: The Verb of a sentence is a word that shows the action or state of being of the subject of the sentence. Sally sneezed.PHYSICAL ACTION John thinks.MENTAL ACTION Jesse is my friend. STATE OF BEING There are also helping verbs and linking verbs. Helping verbs “help” show the action of the sentence. The pig has been eating all day long. Linking verbs “link” or connect the subject of a sentence to a description of itself. She is talented in her role as manager. Linking & helping verbs will often look the same, but they act differently.

6. The Fundamentals of Sentence Writing The SUBJECT-VERB Identification Procedure: STEP ONE: Look for the action or state-of-being word to find the verb. Kevin reported the theft. STEP TWO: Ask yourself, “Who or what is (VERB) ? Paula is an astronaut.

7. The Fundamentals of Sentence Writing SIMPLE Sentences can have the following combinations: SV1 Subject and 1 Verb John ran home. SVV1 Subject and 2 Verbs John ran home and ate dinner. SSV2 Subjects and 1 Verb John and I ran home. SSVV2 Subjects and 2 Verbs John and I ran home and ate dinner.

8. The Fundamentals of Sentence Writing COMPOUND Sentences have two or more independent ( I ) clauses that are joined together by either a coordinating conjunction (, c ) or a semi-colon ( ; ). I, cI Baseball is my favorite sport to watch, but football is my favorite sport to play. I ; I Susan loves to swim; her brother likes to dive., for, but, so, and, or, nor, yet

9. The Fundamentals of Sentence Writing COMPLEX SENTENCES have one independent clause ( I ) and one or more dependent clauses ( d ) and are sometimes joined together by a subordinating conjunction. Dependent Clause: A dependent clause is a group of words with a subject and a verb that cannot stand alone. Subordinating Conjunction: Words that show the relationship of the dependent clause to the independent clause. AfterBecauseSinceWhile AlthoughBeforeUntilWhenever As OnceWhen

10. The Fundamentals of Sentence Writing Examples of COMPLEX SENTENCES There are three different possible sequences for Complex Sentences Independent Clause 1 st I D (Comma not needed) You will be sleeping when I get to Phoenix. Dependent Clause 1 st D, I When I get to Phoenix, you will be sleeping. Ultimately, you will want to use a complex sentence when you have two ideas that are related to one another and you want to show their relationship.

11. The Fundamentals of Sentence Writing COMPOUND-COMPLEX SENTENCES A compound-complex sentence has two or more independent clauses and at least one dependent clause. Dependent Clause 1 st D, I, c I When I get home, I will go to sleep and you will clean the house. D, I; I When I get home, I will go to bed; you will clean the house. Dependent Clause 2 nd I D, c I I will go to bed when I get home, and you will clean the house. I D; I I will go to bed when I get home; you will clean the house. Dependent Clause 3 rd I, c I D You will clean the house and I will go to bed when I get home. I ; I D You will clean the house; I will go to bed when I get home.