1. The Holocaust

2. Biography Cards
Turn in any late work (Mussolini reading, Newsela, Crossword puzzle, etc.)
Read your biography card to find out about your person.
You will find out the fate of your person at the end of class tomorrow.

3. Warm Up Read and respond to this poem First They Came
By Pastor Martin Niemoller
First they came for the Communists
And I did not speak out
Because I was not a Communist
Then they came for the Socialists
Because I was not a Socialist
Then they came for the trade unionists
Because I was not a trade unionist
Then they came for the Jews
Because I was not a Jew
Then they came for me
And there was no one left
To speak out for me.
Read and respond to this poem

4. Holocaust Vocabulary Holocaust
The twelve-year period of genocide resulting in the extermination of six million Jews.
Eleven million people killed in all: Jews, Gypsies, homosexuals, disabled, and political dissidents.
More than two thirds of Europe’s Jews were killed by the end of the war.
(To give you an idea of the number of people - the current population of the entire state of North Carolina is 9.4 Million)

5. Genocide – the mass killing of a group of people.
Zyklon-B – poison used to kill in gas chambers
Anti-semitism – The act of being hostile to or discriminating against Jews.
Euthanasia –The act of killing for reasons of mercy
Hitler’s Aryan Race – Blond hair and blue eyes

6. Why were Jewish people targeted?
The Nazis claimed that the Jews corrupted their "pure" German culture with their "foreign" influence.
Nazis created propaganda that portrayed the Jews very negatively (even for children)
Hitler blamed the Jews for Germany’s loss in WWI
- He blamed his mother’s death on her Jewish doctor
- He blamed his rejection from art school on a Jewish professor

7. The Poison Mushroom A Children's Book

8. “Jews Get Out!”: A Children’s Game

9. The bottom slogan reads: “Women and girls, the Jews are your undoing!”

10. Nazi propaganda poster blaming Jews for the war

11. From an advertising poster for a movie
Nazi Propaganda
From an advertising poster for a movie

12. Holocaust Timeline
1933 – Nazis stage boycott of Jewish shops and businesses.
1933 – Nazis pass law allowing forced sterilization of “undesirables,” which included Jews, handicapped people, and gypsies.
1933 – Nazis prohibit Jews from owning land.
1933 – Nazis pass a law that allows beggars, the homeless, alcoholics and the unemployed to be sent to concentration camps.

13. German Propaganda
Euthanasia Program propaganda   
"60,000 RM is what this person with genetic defects costs the community during his lifetime. Fellow Germans, that's your money too ..."

14. Holocaust Timeline 1935 – Nazis ban Jews from serving in the military.
1937 – Jews are banned from many professional occupations.
1938 – Nazis order Jews to register wealth and property.
1938 – Kristallnacht – The Night of Broken Glass

15. 1938 – Kristallnacht – The Night of Broken Glass
The Germans beat and kill Jews.
They loot Jewish stores and burn synagogues.
Nazis fine Jews one billion Marks (like German dollars) for damages:
7500 businesses destroyed
267 synagogues burned (with 177 totally destroyed)
91 Jews killed

16. Kristallnacht
“Night of Broken Glass”

17. Holocaust Timeline
1939 – Jews lose rights as tenants and are relocated into Jewish houses.
1939 – Nazis begin euthanasia on the sick and disabled in Germany.
1939 – Jews forced to wear Yellow stars to identify themselves
1940 – Deportation of Jews into
Poland

18. Ghettos
Jews were forcibly deported from their homes to live in crowded ghettos, cut off from the rest of the world.
Lacked food, water, space and sanitary facilities to support the increasing number of people living there.
Thousands died in the ghettos from deprivation, starvation and disease.

19. Jews being forced to build the wall to keep them in the Warsaw ghetto

20. Killing Squads
In June 1941, Germany invaded the Soviet Union and began their persecution of the Jewish population.
Einsatzgruppen (killing forces)
Gathered Jewish residents
Marched them outside the town to pre-dug pits, made them strip, lined them up, and then shot them.
The dead and dying would fall into the pits and be buried in mass graves.
By the end of 1942, it is estimated that the Einsatzgruppen had murdered at least 1.3 million Jews throughout Eastern Europe.

22. Wannsee Conference
January 20, Nazi officials met to determine the “Final Solution” to the problem of the Jews.
The "Final Solution" was the systematic, deliberate, mass murder of the European Jews.

23. Death Camps
Nazis built six death camps (also called killing centers) in occupied Poland in 1941 and 1942: Chelmno, Belzec, Sobibor, Treblinka, Majdanek and Auschwitz.
Located near rail lines so that Jews could easily be transported to them on a daily basis.
These camps were expressly built for killing: they were equipped with either mobile or stationary gas chambers and crematoria.
New arrivals to these camps, if not selected for hard labor, were sent straight to the gas chambers where they were murdered.
Were told they would get to take a shower, but poison gas would come out rather than water

24. Labor Camps
Labor Camps were established to operate the Nazi war machine
All the camps were intolerably brutal, and thousands died from the harsh conditions.
The major concentration camps were: Ravensbrück, Neuengamme, Bergen-Belsen, Sachsenhausen, Gross-Rosen, Buchenwald, Theresienstadt, Flössenburg, Natzweiler-Struthof, Dachau, Mathausen, Stutthof and Dora/Nordhausen.
These people were forced to work wherever the Nazis needed laborers. They worked long hours without adequate food and shelter. Thousands perished, quite literally worked to death

25. Photograph Response
After we view each photograph, we will all write our responses using this thinking stem
I’m thinking . . .

26. Children being lifted over the wall in the ghetto to try to get people outside the ghetto to give them food

27. Photograph Response
After we view each photograph, we will all write our responses using this thinking stem
I’m noticing . . .

28. Starving children in the ghetto

29. Photograph Response
After we view each photograph, we will all write our responses using this thinking stem
I’m wondering . . .

30. Nazi Killing Squad

31. Photograph Response
After we view each photograph, we will all write our responses using this thinking stem
I’m feeling . . .

32. Jews being forced to dig their own graves

33. Photograph Response
After we view each photograph, we will all write our responses using this thinking stem
I’m thinking . . .

34. Entrance to Aushwitz Death Camp. It says “Labor Makes you Free”.

35. Photograph Response
After we view each photograph, we will all write our responses using this thinking stem
I’m wondering . . .

36. Entrance to Buchenwald It says “To Each What He Deserves”

37. Photograph Response
After we view each photograph, we will all write our responses using this thinking stem
I’m noticing . . .

38. Sleeping quarters in the camps

39. Photograph Response
After we view each photograph, we will all write our responses using this thinking stem
I’m feeling . . .

40. Most prisoners didn’t wear pants because they soiled themselves so frequently.

41. Photograph Response
After we view each photograph, we will all write our responses using this thinking stem – Think beyond the obvious
I’m seeing . . .

42. Zyklon-B cannisters and a collection of human hair

43. Photograph Response
After we view each photograph, we will all write our responses using this thinking stem
I’m feeling . . .

44. Jews were forced to operate the crematorium, where bodies of those who had been gassed would be burned.

45. Let’s Talk
How are you feeling about the information we talked about today?
Talk with your table about what you saw and heard today during class.