1. Melissa House, Ph.D.: Public Health Walden University PUBH 8165-1 Instructor: Dr. Robert Marino Spring Qtr, 2011 D ISASTER P REPAREDNESS P ANDEMIC I NFLUENZA

2. L EARNING OUTCOMES  After this presentation you will be able to:  Define Pandemic Influenza  Describe the potential impacts of Pandemic Influenza  Identify preventative strategies against Pandemic Influenza  Identify key roles in emergency preparedness  Identify the key components in an emergency preparedness plan  Identify how to develop an emergency preparedness checklist

3. W HAT IS P ANDEMIC INFLUENZA  An influenza pandemic occurs when a new influenza virus emerges for which there is little or no immunity within the affected population  Causes serious illness  Spreads quickly  Global disease outbreak OSHA, 2011, State of New Jersey, 2007

4. P OTENTIAL I MPACTS OF AN I NFLUENZA P ANDEMIC  Rapid spread  Overload within Health Care Systems  Inadequate medical supplies  Inadequate personnel  Economic and Social disruption (NCBI, 2009)

5. S TRATEGIES FOR PREVENTING PANDEMIC INFLUENZA  Early detection  Treatment  Infection control  Vaccination Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010

6. P RE -P ANDEMIC P ERIOD

7. H EALTHCARE F ACILITIES  Develop process & decision plans  Disease surveillance  Communication/Agency Collaboration  Education/Training  Medication Use  Healthcare facility capacity  Supplies  Personnel U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2004

8. S TATE & L OCAL R ESPONSIBILITIES  Develop process & decision plans  Collaboration with other agencies  Communication  Legal & ethical issues

9. HHS RESPONSIBILITIES  Provide:  Guidance  Resources  Collaboration with other agencies

10. O UTBREAK P ERIOD

11. H EALTHCARE FACILITY RESPONSIBILITIES  Activate Plans  Heighten surveillance  Establish communication  Infection control  Reporting U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2004

12. S TATE & L OCAL H EALTH RESPONSIBILITIES  Provide other agencies with up to date information:  Spread of disease  Location  Statistical Information  Assist with other agencies

13. HHS R ESPONSIBILITIES  Assist other agencies:  Medication management & dispense  Supplies

14. P REPARING A C HECKLIST

15. P LAN C OMPONENTS  Surveillance  Communication  Education/Training  Triage  Access  Occupational Health  Vaccination

16. S URVEILLANCE

17. S URVEILLANCE P LAN  Establish procedures to identify and tract outbreak within area.  Lab Testing – How, when, & who  What type of data to collect & monitor  How often to monitor data  Timing of data collection  Quality Assurance World Health Organization, 2005

18. C OMMUNICATION

19. C OMMUNICATION P LAN  Develop plan that includes key stakeholders.  Develop collaborative partnerships with other agencies.  Develop policies of how information is to be presented.

20. E DUCATION /T RAINING

21.  Develop education and training plans for both healthcare workers and patients  Training should include:  Prevention, identification & treatment for pandemic influenza.  Hospital procedures/plans to be implemented during a pandemic situation.

22. E DUCATION /T RAINING  Cross-training for staff  Educational handouts for patients  Educational drills to prepare staff for emergency situations  Up-to-date information education on possible pandemic diseases Control, treatment, prevention, etc.  Training on personal preparedness

23. T RIAGE

24. T RIAGE P LAN  Develop triage plan that includes  Screening protocols  Treatment priority protocols  Transport protocols  Isolation protocols U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2004

25. F ACILITY A CCESS

26. A CCESS P LAN  Develop a plan that addresses access to the facility during pandemic situations.  Plans should include:  Procedures for closing & limiting access to the facility  Visitor access & limitation  Security U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2004

27. O CCUPATIONAL H EALTH

28.  Development of plans to deliver vaccine or antiviral medications to personnel.  This includes a method for: Prioritizing personnel receipt of vaccine/medication Monitoring system to assess employee exposure Policy for the management of employees who become ill or who present with symptoms U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2004

29. V ACCINATION

30. V ACCINATION A DMINISTRATION  Development of a plan that established procedures for vaccination use  Procedures should include:  Priority list  When to start giving vaccination  How vaccinations will be given

31. S UMMARY Preparation for a pandemic event is crucial to all healthcare facilities. When proper planning is put into place, the detrimental affects of a pandemic outbreak can be avoided. It is also important that all potential resources are included in the planning process to ensure adequate procedures and training.

32. R EFERENCES Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2010). Interim Guidance on Infection Control Measures for 2009 H1N1 Influenza in Healthcare Settings, Including Protection of Healthcare Personnel. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/h1n1flu/guidelines_infection_control.htm.http://www.cdc.gov/h1n1flu/guidelines_infection_control.htm NCBI. (2009). Disaster planning: potential effects of an influenza pandemic on community healthcare resources. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19739459.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19739459 State of New Jersey. (2007). Pandemic preparedness planning template for federally qualified health centers. Retrieved from http://www.state.nj.us/health/flu/documents/plan/hlth_app_3.pdf http://www.state.nj.us/health/flu/documents/plan/hlth_app_3.pdf. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2004). HHS Pandemic Influenza Plan Supplement 3 Healthcare Planning. Retrieved from http://www.hhs.gov/pandemicflu/plan/sup3.html#process http://www.hhs.gov/pandemicflu/plan/sup3.html#process.

33. R EFERENCES C ONT. World Health Organization. (2005). WHO: Checklist for influenza pandemic preparedness planning. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/csr/recources/publications/influenza/Flucheck6web.pdf http://www.who.int/csr/recources/publications/influenza/Flucheck6web.pdf.

34. F URTHER R EADING  Emergency Management Guide  www.fema.gov www.fema.gov  Emergency Response and Crisis Management Technical Assistance Center – Creating Emergency Management Plans  http://rems.ed.gov/docs/CreatingPlans.pdf http://rems.ed.gov/docs/CreatingPlans.pdf  Seasonal Flu Guidance for Health Professionals  http://www.flu.gov/professional/hospital/index.htm l http://www.flu.gov/professional/hospital/index.htm l