1. THE EXCLUSION OF ASYLUM SEEKERS FROM THE NORWEGIAN LABOUR MARKET Kristin Thorshaug and Marko Valenta Norwegian University of Science & Technology (NTNU) 16th international Metropolis conference, Ponta Delgada, September 2011 Workshop 206: Exclusion, exploitation and vulnerable migrant workers in Europe

2. Asylum Seekers’ Access to the Labour Market  Time of residence  Sectors  Work contract  Time period  Identity documentation

3. Norwegian Immigration Regulations  1999-2009 - Liberal regulations - Focus on positive consequences of right to work  2009  - Stricter regulations - Focus on reduction in the number of asylum applications and issues concerning identity documentation

4. Changes in Work Permits

5. Possible State Produced Irregularities and Exclusion  Increased illegal work and recruitment to criminality  Loss of normal life  Later exclusion from the labour market  Status and reputation in society

6. The Right to Work  The positive aspects of work  The right to work vs. the identity issue  A differentiation of regulations  Does access to the labour market equal access to work?