1. From evaluating speaking to encouraging more talking Oksana Bakanyeva

2. What speakers do Speaking is a complex act with many different elements interacting to produce effective communication.

3. Phonological features of speech Individual sounds The stressed and weak sounds in words The stressed and weak words in speech The rhythm of speech The intonation patterns in speech, falling, rising, flat, etc The features of connected speech

4. Following the rules of language Choosing the right vocabulary Using the right grammar structures

5. Paralinguistic devices Non-verbal tools Verbal tools

6. Communicative functions Understanding the communicative functions of vocabulary and grammar Understanding the functions of intonation and moving stress Recognising features such as repetitions, re-phrasing, pauses Recognising non-linguistic features

7. Social meaning To use formal and informal language What connotation language might have Conversational principals The rules to start, maintain, manage, and close conversations

8. What can we evaluate? Phonological features Rules of language Paralinguistic devices Communicative functions Social meaning

9. How do we evaluate? Reading aloud + it can be controlled very easily - it is not a realistic task to evaluate communicative competence

10. How do we evaluate? Re-telling a story + not only tests spoken language but also the ability to retain, organise and recall information

11. How do we evaluate? Using visual prompts + it is suitable for all levels of candidate + enables to focus on a wide variety of language across a range of levels

12. How do we evaluate? Interviews/Questions and answers + require less training + easy to evaluate - increasingly complex - fixed

13. How do we evaluate? Roleplays/making appropriate responses + certain candidates will feel more comfortable in a role and so perform better

14. How do we evaluate? Presentations and descriptions + can vary from one minute to days before

15. How do we evaluate? Joint tasks + an effective way to evaluate agreeing and disagreeing, and making suggestions

16. How do we evaluate? Discussions + an opportunity to evaluate a wide range of areas - difficult to achieve and requires skilful handling by the examiner

18. Useful links: www.teachingenglish.org.uk/articles/evaluating-speaking www.teachingenglish.org.uk/articles/evaluating- speaking-part-2 www.teachingenglish.org.uk/lesson-plans/conversation- lesson-music www.teachingenglish.org.uk/lesson-plans/conversation- lesson-school www.teachingenglish.org.uk/lesson-plans/conversation- lesson-–-news