1. 2.00 Understand Computer Fundamentals
Unit Objective:
2.01

2. What Is A Computer?
An electronic device that receives data, processes data, stores data, and produces a result (output).
Classified by size, speed and application
Uses hardware and software
Comes in different types

3. Types of Personal Computers
Desktop computer: designed to be used on a desktop.
Notebook/Tablet computer: designed to be used on a desktop but still small enough to be portable.
Laptop computer: designed to be small enough and light enough to be used on your lap.

4. Hardware
The tangible, physical equipment that can be seen and touched such as:
Computer Case
Monitor
Keyboard and Mouse
Disk Drive
Speakers

5. Computer Components: Hardware
the physical equipment of the computer that you can see and touch

6. PARTS OF A COMPUTER SYSTEM Computer Case (Processor inside)
Monitor
Speaker
Keyboard
Computer Case (Processor inside)
Mouse
CD-ROM/DVD Drive
Printer
Floppy Disk Drive

7. The Parts A of Computer Keyboard CPU (Central Processing Unit) Mouse
Speakers
Printer
Scanner
CPU (Central Processing Unit)
The “brains” of the computer housed on a tiny silicon chip inside the computer case.
Floppy Disk Drive
CD-ROM/DVD Drive
Monitor

8. Input Devices Keyboard Mouse/Trackball Joystick Light Pen
Pointing Stick
Touchpad
Touch Screen
Bar Code Reader
Scanner
Microphone
Graphics Tablet
Digital Cameras

9. Output Devices
Monitor: screen that displays information such as text, numbers, and
Printer: gives you information pictures.
Softcopy
from the computer in printed form.
Hardcopy
Speakers: allow you to hear voice, music, and other sounds from your computer.

10. Processing Device
Central Processing Unit (CPU) – known as the heart or “brain” of the computer and is responsible for processing the information that has been entered into the computer

11. Storage Devices
Hard Disk Drive: used to store data inside of the computer.
Magnetic platter that holds a large amount of information in a form the computer can understand.
Floppy Disk: flat circles of iron oxide-coated plastic enclosed in a hard plastic case.
Most are 3 ½ inches and have a capacity to hold 1.44 MB or more of data.
CD ROM Drive: a compact disk that reads only memory.
CD-RW: a device that allows you to read and write to a compact disk

12. Storage Devices (Con.) Internal Storage: External Storage:
Allows you to store
information inside of the
computer
Hard Drive:
Allows the fastest access
to information
RAM (Random Access
Memory) – temporary
ROM (Read Only Memory) -
long-term memory
External Storage:
Allows you to use devices to
store information outside
of the computer
Floppy Disks
CD-ROMs (Compact Disc
Read Only Memory)
CD-RW (Compact Disc
(Read and Write)
DVDs (Digital Video Disc)
USB/Jump Drives

13. Which Storage Device Holds The Most Information?
FLOPPY DISKS
1.44 MB
CD-ROM DISC
640 MB
HARD DRIVES
80 and above GB
DVD DISC
17 GB

14. Software
The intangible set of instructions that tells the computer what to do; known as programs or software programs.

15. Types of Software Operating System Software Application Software
Sets the rules for how computer hardware and application software work together, controls the operation of the computer.
Example: Windows
Application Software
Lets you accomplish specific tasks based on your needs.
Examples: MS Word, Excel, Access, MS Works

16. Operating System Software Tasks
Boots (starts up) the computer
Formats disks
Creates folders
Saves and retrieves files
Moves and copies files
Every Computer Has Operating System Software!

17. Application Software
Software that works with the operating system to meet a specific need or perform a specific task
Examples:
MS Word
MS Excel
MS PowerPoint
MicroType Pro
Internet Explorer

18. Types of Application Software
Word Processing
Program that allows you to create, edit, and print text documents
Report, flyer, memo
Spreadsheet
Numbered Rows and Lettered Columns
Intersection of a row and column is a cell
Grade book, financial info
Database
Lets you set up an electronic filing system
Enter text and numbers
Find, search, and print info in different ways
Address book, Card Catalog

19. The Information Cycle

20. WHAT DOES IPOS STAND FOR?
Input
Enters data into the
computer
Processing
Changes data into
usable form
Output
Sends data out of the
computer
Storage
Saves for use later

21. What Happens During The IPOS Cycle?
INPUT –
when information is entered into the computer; the computer receives information
PROCESSING –
when the computer processes the information that has been entered
OUTPUT –
when information leaves the computer
STORAGE –
when information is stored to be used later.

22. How The IPOS Cycle Works
INPUT
STORAGE
PROCESSING
STORAGE
OUTPUT

23. Input, Output, & Storage Devices
Input device: hardware that allows you to communicate with your computer.
Output device: hardware that allows your computer to communicate with the user
Storage device: allows you to store or retrieve information

24. 2.00 Understand Computer Fundamentals.
Unit Objective:
2.02
2.00 Understand Computer Fundamentals.

25. Computer Workstation

26. Maintain Your Computer System
Read your manual before operating your computer
Make sure all plug-ins are secure at all times
Keep the surrounding area dirt and dust free
Keep eraser gum, food, and liquids away from the keyboard
Do not stick pens or pencils into the drives on the CPU
Keep your fingers and hands free of oily products, like lotion,
and some hair products
Clean the monitor with electronic wipes and do not touch it with your fingers

27. What Are Peripherals?
A peripheral device is one that is attached to a computer in order to expand its ability to perform more tasks
Are generally external
Some of the more common devices are printers, disk drives, scanners, microphones, speakers, and cameras
The devices can be input and output devices
Some input devices are: mouse, joystick, keyboard
Some output devices are: monitor, projector, speakers
Some devices function as input and output are: media card readers, digital camcorders, digital mixers, and touch screens

28. Peripheral Devices
Scanner: allows the user to computer to make copies of photos and other documents
Tablet: small, light pc’s that function like portable writing tablets
Printer: provides a hard copy of a document
Digital Pen: captures and saves handwriting to the computer as you write on special digital paper.

29. Peripheral Devices (Cont’d.)
Joystick: a handheld device that is often used with games
Headset: designed to fit around the head to listen to spoken or recorded sounds.
Digital Camera: captures and stores still images as digital data

30. Types of Printers Inkjet Better quality of printed document Dot Matrix
Uses a pattern of dots to form images on paper
Less expensive and images not as clear
Inkjet
Better quality of printed document
Uses ink cartridge
Less expensive than laser
Laser
Best quality of printed document
Uses laser beam and toner
to produce images
Most expensive
Quick

31. Proper Computer Care
Keep food and drinks away from the computer and keyboard.
Avoid dusty locations.
Use a surge protector.
Keep away from magnets.
Do not block vents on the CPU.
Avoid bright sunny locations.
Do not move the computer while it is in use.
Always exit programs properly.
Use a virus check program on a regular basis.

32. Proper Diskette Care
Do not remove from drives while drive is running or light is on.
Avoid contact with magnets and electromagnetic fields.
Keep disks stored in a clean, cool and dry place with a protective cover.
Keep protective metal slider in place.
Use a virus check program on a regular basis.
Avoid hot and cold locations.

33. Proper Care of Printers
Avoid cold, hot, and dusty locations
Always use the correct ink or toner replacement
Always have the proper printer cable connected to the computer
Never pull paper out of a printer in motion
Do not turn off the printer while printing
Read the instructor’s manual before operating a printer
Always use the proper type of paper in the printer

34. Proper Care of a Digital Camera
Clean regularly
Do not subject to knocks, vibrations, and magnetic fields, smoke, water, steam, sand, or chemicals
Handle all moving parts with care
Turn camera off before removing or disconnecting power source or cable or removing battery or memory card
Don’t store or use in humid, dusty or dirty places
Keep away from extreme hot or cold temperatures
Avoid direct sunlight for long periods
Avoid scratches with sharp or hard objects
Keep dry and free of condensation
Store correctly when in in use
Don’t drop in water

35. Proper CD-ROM/DVD Care
Keep CDs stored in a clean, cool and dry place with a protective cover
Avoid touching the back side of the CD to avoid scratches
Avoid hot and cold locations
Make a back-up copy of your programs and files
Insert into CD-ROM drive properly; label facing up
Only write on CD’s with a CD marking pen on a label or the correct side of the CD