1. Inside Wireless Voice and Data Net@Edu Net@Edu Wireless Networking Meeting Kamal Anand VP Marketing Kamal@merunetworks.com

2. 2 Agenda  Overview of Different Wireless Technologies ► Why 802.11 WLAN is the one for indoor  Special Requirements for 802.11 in University Deployments ► How these are getting addressed  Different Applications for Wireless ► Replacement for Wired ► Voice, Video over Wireless

3. 3 Company Background  Founded in Feb, 2002  Funded by seven leading Venture Capital Firms  Headquartered in Sunnyvale, CA  Ujjal Kohli, Chairman, CEO and Founder ► VP/GM, AirTouch Cellular (Acquired by Vodafone) ► McKinsey & Co, Intel (engineering & marketing) ► Founder, MKS Ventures ($50m  Dr. Vaduvur Bharghavan, CTO and Founder ► Ph.D. EECS, UC Berkeley – thesis in 802.11 ► 10 years in wireless research and establishing 802.11 standards ► Over 40 publications and patents on 802.11 ► Founder, Chairman and CTO, Bytemobile ► Program Chair ACM Mobicom 2002, NSF Young Investigator 1996

4. 4 Wireless Standards PAN WAN MAN LAN IEEE 802.15 Bluetooth IEEE 802.11 WirelessLAN IEEE 802.21 IEEE 802.16 WirelessMAN IEEE 802.20 (proposed) IEEE 802.16e WirelessMAN Focus of Discussion

5. 5 Bluetooth Applications  Bluetooth technology ► Designed for personal area networking (PAN) ► Short-range, Low Power  Products ► Cellular phones ► Headsets ► PDAs ► Keyboards and mice

6. 6 WiMAX Applications  Metropolitan area network (MAN) technology - Connection-oriented - QoS - Line of sight and non- line of sight  Based on IEEE 802.16 and ETSI HIPERMAN standards  Applications ► Last-mile broadband access ► DSL and cable modem alternative ► Hotspot (inter 802.11) connectivity

7. 7 Why is 802.11 the Winning Indoor Technology?  50 million clients today, + 50 million this year  Dramatic cost decreases due to volume  Clients are “free”  Available at multiple locations – homes, hotspots, office, cities, …  Given adoption, R&D will fix any remaining issues with technology 802.11 is to Wireless Communications What the x86 was to Computing and What Ethernet was to Networking

8. 8 Wireless LAN Evolution Number of Clients and Coverage Applications Products / Technology Email, Web Stand-alone Access Points Stand AloneMulti-site Email, Web from different locations Centralized security and management High Density, Application QoS, Transparent mobility Voice and Data Business applications Primary connectivity Pervasive

9. 9 WLAN Product Evolution Services 2000-01 2002-3 2003-4 Cisco 350 Proxim/Agere Linksys Basic Connectivity Cisco 350 Proxim/Agere Linksys Basic Connectivity Cisco 1200+SWAN + some startups + … Gen 1 + Central Mgnt Security Cisco 1200+SWAN + some startups + … Gen 1 + Central Mgnt Security Meru Gen 2 + RF Coordination High Density QoS Zero Handoff Meru Gen 2 + RF Coordination High Density QoS Zero Handoff Stand-alone Coordinated AP’s and Central Appliance Aggregated AP’s 1 st Generation 2nd Generation 3rd Generation

10. 10 University Environment Has Special Requirements For WLANs  High Density of Users ► in Class Rooms, Library, Common Areas  Very Mobile and “Leading-Edge” User Community ► Students – don’t have one “office”; Faculty – moving around ► Want to leverage new capabilities in mobile data, voice, video, collaboration …  Security ► Semi-autonomous organizational/administrative domains ► Access By Different Classes of Users ► Students, Faculty, Administrators, Guests  Budgets Constrained – Well this is common! 802.11 Not Designed To Address Some of These Requirements

11. 11 Key Requirements WLANs Security Easy Deployment & Management Transparent Mobility High Density QoS 5x Number of Voice Calls 5X Number of Active Users 0X Loss-less Handoff Meru Air Traffic Control Technology With Standard WiFi Clients

12. 12 802.11 Was Not Designed for Density But Problem Can Be Solved 10 Total Bandwidth at Peak (Mbps) 5 8 11 1 3 Baseband + Protocol Overhead Contention Loss Contention Loss Today’s AP Performance Meru AP Performance Active Users Per AP TodayMeru 10-20 100+ 5X Number of Active Users Peak Aggregate Throughput in Single Cell Environment 5X

13. 13 5.5/11 Mbps CS Receive Signal 1 Mbps Distance Cell size Collision Domain Interference domain Interference Range Is Much Larger Than Communications Range Effective Client Density Higher Due to Contention Across Cells 1 Floor 1 1 6 111 …. Causing Contention Across Cells 11 6 1 1 Floor 2 1 6 111 6 1 1 6 1611 X X X X X Floor 1  Channel planning no use; same channel one cell away

14. 14 Unpredictable channel access, latency, jitter AP gets proportional share of channel as one of the clients No over-the-air QoS Predictable channel access, latency, jitter AP gets the right amount of channel access (50%) MS I D 5.56 2 6 4 8 10 12 5.36 5.385.45.44 5.465.485.55.525.54 5.42 Channel Access with Meru AP for QoS Time (Sec) Over-the-air QoS Dealing with QoS / Real-time Applications on 802.111 5.465.485.55.525.545.56 Time (Sec) Channel Access with Today’s 802.11 AP 2 6 4 8 10 12 5.36 5.385.45.445.42

15. 15 Today’s AP Proprietary Client Today’s AP Standard Client Meru AP Standard Client With Right Over-the-Air QoS, 802.11 Can Support Voice and Video at Scale Dynamic mix of voice and data on same channels Typically on separate channels/network 30+ 7-10 < 5 5X AP No over-the-air QoS Wired QoS Over-the-air QoS Meru AP

16. 16 Handoff Provides Challenge for Voice Need Infrastructure Controlled Handoff 300ms – 1 sec between handoff Today’s WLAN Meru WLAN Virtual AP Architecture Zero-handoff with no loss BSSID = ZZ 00:00 BSSID = XXBSSID = YY 01:00

17. 17  WEP  TKIP  WPA  VPN  Web  802.1x + EAP  VPN  Rogue Device Detection and Mitigation Sufficient Security Available Today Encryption Authentication Detection

18. 18 Virtual WLANs Over Same Physical WLAN – Advantages in Universities  Multiple ESSIDs ► Guest VLAN  Administrative Control Can Remain at Existing Levels  Configure policies independently: ► Primary/Secondary RADIUS ► Authentication methods ► Encryption policies ► DHCP servers ► Bandwidth Provisioning ► QoS policies  Accounting Per Group Layer 2/3 Radius DHCP ESSID = Engg = VLAN2 2 3 ESSID= Guest Access = VLAN 5 ESSID = Faculty = VLAN3 ESSID = Business-school = VLAN 4 Switch VLAN 2 3 4

19. 19 Deployment and Management …. Becoming Easy  Centralized Control and Management  No static frequency planning  Plug and Play Deployment for Access Points Appropriate Channels, Power Levels Set Automatically Controller Switched/Routed Corporate Network

20. 20 New WLANs Have Simple Deployment Architecture Floor 2 Floor 1 Data Center Backbone Virtual AP AP Meru Controller AP  Access Points and Controller Connected Using Existing Wired Switches  Can use existing 802.1x authentication via PEAP, EAP-TLS, LEAP  Simple, Scalable, Cost- Effective Leverage Existing Wired Investments

21. 21 Applications  Replacement of Wired Ethernet ► Class Rooms, Dorms, Common Areas  Voice over WLAN ► Service to Users ► Revenue Generator

22. 22 Unwiring is the Future  School of Business, Initially Looked to Deploy Wired Ethernet in Classroom at Cost of Approx $40-50K ► new switch, wiring, labor  With Predictable 802.11 Network Able to Deal with High Density, Deployed Wireless Network at Cost Savings of 70%  Incremental Classrooms Can be Deployed at Cost- savings of 80% Provide Improved Service, Applications, Mobility +

23. 23 Why Voice Over Wireless LAN? Compelling Business Case Lower wiring costs for data and voice Total Benefits Of WLANs that carry Voice + Data Lower costs for computer moves, adds, changes (MAC) Productivity Improvement from on-campus voice mobility Voice Services To Students Email, Web access Mobility Benefits from WLANs Total Benefits of Data-only WLANs

24. 24 Industry Moving to Support Enterprise Voice over WiFi Wireless Built-into Compute Devices  Laptops  PDAs VoIP Has Achieved Momentum  IP phone lines > Traditional Lines in 2003  60% growth in VoIP in 2002 Good Quality & Features Available in Softphones  Laptops, Desktops  PDAs 802.11 Voice Devices Coming to Market  802.11 only Phones  Dual mode (Cellular, WiFi)  Custom devices Source: In-Stat 5/03; Dell’Oro 7/03 Enterprise Network Infrastructure

25. 25 Why Don’t We See Much More Widespread Deployment Today? 1. Not Many Handsets Available 2. Handsets are Expensive 3. Wi-Fi Infrastructure Does Not Support Enterprise-Grade Voice

26. 26 Wi-Fi Phones Becoming Available and Cost-Effective  About 10+ WiFi Phones in market in 2004  Dual mode (WiFi and Cellular in the market in 2H, 2004)  Overall solution pricing and choices becoming very attractive

27. 27 Dartmouth College, NH  Dartmouth College, NH, is converging voice, video and data onto its wireless IP network  Students can make local and long distance calls free anywhere on campus using IP SoftPhones on their Windows PCs.  Reduced cost and improved communication

28. 28 Darthmouth College - Applications "No one wants to plug in anymore," says Brad Noblet, the school's director of technical services. About 90% of Dartmouth's freshmen arrived with wireless- enabled laptops. "We've found new ways for professors to teach students and new ways for students to interact, not just with their professors, but amongst themselves and outside people as well," says Noblet. "Students will be able to watch TV on one window, check e-mail on another, and do homework on a third," Noblet explains. "We want to converge media to deliver that content over a common infrastructure."

29. 29 Voice / Messaging Over WLAN Right Communication Paradigm  Service Can Be Offered for “Free” to Users ► Improve Service-level to Students ► Differentiating Factor for University ► Improved Quality of Life  Or Can be Revenue-Generating Offering ► Offered in Partnership with Service Provider ► Simple economic calculation: 10,000 Students X $10 / Mo Profit 9 Months Per Year ~ $1M Contribution / Year X=

30. 30 Summary  802.11-based WLANs Is the Accepted Indoor Wireless Technology  Technical Challenges To Address Some Limitations, Especially in University Settings, are Getting Addressed ► Security and management are not the key problems anymore  Integration with WAN Technologies Will Happen Over This Year and Next  The Right WLAN Infrastructure Can be Leveraged To Reduce Costs, Improve Service and Increase Funding!

31. Thank You Net@Edu Net@Edu Wireless Networking Meeting Kamal Anand VP Marketing Kamal@merunetworks.com