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2. Standardized Test Prep Image and Math Focus Bank
Resources
Chapter Presentation
Bellringers
Transparencies
Standardized Test Prep
Image and Math Focus Bank
Visual Concepts

3. Chapter 15 Table of Contents Section 1 Simple Invertebrates
Section 2 Mollusks and Annelid Worms
Section 3 Arthropods
Section 4 Echinoderms

4. Chapter 15
Section 1 Simple Invertebrates
Bellringer
Record your answers to the following questions in your science journal:
What is an invertebrate?
What is your favorite invertebrate?
What special features help your favorite invertebrate survive?

5. Chapter 15
Section 1 Simple Invertebrates
Objectives
Describe the body plans, nervous systems, and guts of invertebrates.
Explain how sponges get food.
Describe three cnidarian characteristics.
Describe the three kinds of flatworms.
Describe the body of a roundworm.

6. Invertebrate Characteristics
Chapter 15
Section 1 Simple Invertebrates
Invertebrate Characteristics
An Invertebrate is an animal that does not have a backbone.
About 96% of all animal species are invertebrates
Invertebrates have three basic body plans, or types of symmetry: bilateral, radial, or asymmetrical.

7. Chapter 15
Section 1 Simple Invertebrates

8. Invertebrate Characteristics, continued
Chapter 15
Section 1 Simple Invertebrates
Invertebrate Characteristics, continued
Nerves All animals except sponges have nerves.
Nerves allow animals to sense their environment and control their actions.
Some invertebrates have ganglia. A ganglion is a concentrated mass of nerve cells.

9. Invertebrate Characteristics, continued
Chapter 15
Section 1 Simple Invertebrates
Invertebrate Characteristics, continued
Guts Almost all animals digest food in a gut. A gut is a pouch lined with cells that release chemicals that break down food into small particles.
Complex organisms have a coelom. A coelom is a body cavity that surrounds the gut.
Other organs can also be found in the coelom, but they are separated from the gut.

10. Chapter 15
Section 1 Simple Invertebrates
Sponges
Sponges are the simplest invertebrates. They are asymmetrical and have no tissues, gut, or nerves.
How Do Sponges Eat? A sponge sweeps water into its body through its pores. Pores are the holes on the outside of the sponge’s body.
Collar cells filter and digest food from the water that enters the body.
Water leaves through the hole at the top called the osculum.

11. Chapter 15
Section 1 Simple Invertebrates

12. Chapter 15 Sponges, continued
Section 1 Simple Invertebrates
Sponges, continued
Body Part Abilities Sponges have some unique abilities.
If you forced a sponge’s body through a strainer, the separated cells could come back together and reform the same sponge.
If a part of a sponge is broken off, the missing part can regenerate, or grow back.
Sponges are the only animals that can use regeneration as a form of reproduction.

13. Chapter 15 Sponges, continued
Section 1 Simple Invertebrates
Sponges, continued
Kinds of Sponges All sponges live in water, and most live in the ocean. Sponges come in many different shapes and sizes.
Most sponges have a skeleton made of hard fibers called spicules. Some spicules are straight, some are curved, and others have complex star shapes.

14. Chapter 15
Section 1 Simple Invertebrates
Cnidarians
Cnidarians are more complex than sponges. Cnidarians have complex tissues, a gut, and a simple nerve network.
Two Body Forms A cnidarian body can either be in medusa form or polyp form. Medusas swim through the water. Polyps usually attach to a surface.
Both the medusa and the polyp forms have radial symmetry.

15. Body Form of Cnidarians
Chapter 15
Section 1 Simple Invertebrates
Body Form of Cnidarians

16. Chapter 15
Section 1 Simple Invertebrates
Cnidarians
Stinging Cells All cnidarians have tentacles covered with stinging cells. Cnidarians use their stinging cells to protect themselves and to catch food.
Kinds of Cnidarians There are three major classes of cnidarians: hydrozoans, jellyfish, sea anemones and some corals.

17. Chapter 15
Section 1 Simple Invertebrates
Flatworms
Flat worms have bilateral symmetry, a clearly defined head and two large eyespots.
The eyespots cannot focus, but the flatworm can use them to sense the direction that light is coming from.
Some flatworms also have sensory lobes that are used for detecting food.

18. Chapter 15 Flatworms, continued
Section 1 Simple Invertebrates
Flatworms, continued
Planarians Planarians live in freshwater lakes and streams or on land in damp places. Most planarians are predators.
Flukes Flukes are parasites. A parasite is an organism that invades and feeds on the body of another living organism that is called a host.

19. Chapter 15 Flatworms, continued
Section 1 Simple Invertebrates
Flatworms, continued
Tapeworms Tapeworms are similar to flukes. Like flukes, they have a small head with no eyespots or sensory lobes.
Tapeworms do not need a gut because they attach directly to the host’s intestines and absorb nutrients.

20. Chapter 15
Section 1 Simple Invertebrates
Roundworms
Roundworms have bodies that are long, slim, and round, like spaghetti. Like other worms, they have bilateral symmetry.
Roundworms have a simple nervous system. A ring of ganglia forms a simple brain. Parallel nerve cords connect the two ends of their body.
Some round worms eat dead tissue. Many roundworms are parasites.

21. Section 2 Mollusks and Annelid Worms
Chapter 15
Bellringer
Unscramble the following words and write a sentence that uses all of the words.
gluss
isalns
sdusqi
klomssul
Write your sentence in your science journal.

22. Section 2 Mollusks and Annelid Worms
Chapter 15
Objectives
Explain how mollusks eat, control body functions, and circulate blood.
Describe the four body parts that most mollusks have in common.
Describe the three kinds of annelid worms.

23. Section 2 Mollusks and Annelid Worms
Chapter 15
Mollusks
Snails, slugs, clams oysters, squids, and octopuses are all mollusks.
Most mollusks fit into three classes:
The gastropods include slugs and snails.
The bivalves include clams and other shellfish with two shells.
The cephalopods include squids and octopuses.

24. Chapter 15 Mollusks, continued
Section 2 Mollusks and Annelid Worms
Chapter 15
Mollusks, continued
Each kind of mollusk has its own way of eating.
Slugs and snails eat with a toungelike organ covered in teeth called a radula.
Clams and oysters attach to one place and use gills to filter tiny plants, bacteria, and other particles from the water.
Squids and octopuses grab food with tentacles and place it in their powerful jaws.

25. Chapter 15 Mollusks, continued
Section 2 Mollusks and Annelid Worms
Chapter 15
Mollusks, continued
Ganglia and Brains All mollusks have complex ganglia. They have ganglia to control breathing, movement, and digestion.
Cephalopods, such as octopuses, have large brains that connect all of their ganglia. Cephalopods are thought to be the smartest invertebrates.

26. Chapter 15 Mollusks, continued
Section 2 Mollusks and Annelid Worms
Chapter 15
Mollusks, continued
Pumping Blood Most mollusks have an open circulatory system. In an open circulatory system, a simple heart pumps blood through blood vessels that empty into sinuses, or spaces in the animal’s body.
Squids and octopuses have a closed circulatory system. In a closed circulatory system, a heart pumps blood through a network of blood vessels that form a closed loop.

27. Chapter 15 Mollusks, continued
Section 2 Mollusks and Annelid Worms
Chapter 15
Mollusks, continued
Mollusk Bodies A snail, a clam, and a squid look quite different from one another, yet they share similar structures.

28. Chapter 15
Section 2 Mollusks and Annelid Worms

29. Section 2 Mollusks and Annelid Worms
Chapter 15
Annelid Worms
Annelid worms are often called segmented worms because their bodies have segments. A segment is an identical, or almost identical, repeating body part.
Annelid worms have bilateral symmetry, a closed circulatory system and a complex nervous system with a brain.
Annelid worms live in salt water, fresh water, or on land. They eat plant material or animals.

30. Annelid Worms, continued
Section 2 Mollusks and Annelid Worms
Chapter 15
Annelid Worms, continued
Earthworms Earthworms are the most common annelid worms.
Each earthworm has 100 to 175 segments. Most segments are identical, but some have special jobs, such as eating or reproducing.
Earthworms eat soil. Their castings, or waste, improves soil quality.
To move, earthworms use stiff hairs, or bristles, on the sides of their bodies.

31. Annelid Worms, continued
Section 2 Mollusks and Annelid Worms
Chapter 15
Annelid Worms, continued
Marine Worms Marine worms are covered in bristles and come in many colors.
Most marine worms live in the ocean. Marine worms eat mollusks, other small animals, or filter food from the water.
Leeches Some leeches are parasites that suck other animals’ blood. Other leeches eat dead animals or hunt insects, slugs, and snails.
Doctors use leeches to prevent swelling.

32. Chapter 15
Section 3 Arthropods
Bellringer
Pretend that you can undergo metamorphosis. Write your responses to the following questions in your science journal:
What will you look like when you emerge?
How might you find food, and what might you eat?
What adaptations that you do not have now might you have after metamorphosis?

33. Chapter 15
Section 3 Arthropods
Objectives
List the four main characteristics of arthropods.
Describe the different body parts of the four kinds of arthropods.
Describe the two types of metamorphosis in insects.

34. Characteristics of Arthropods
Chapter 15
Section 3 Arthropods
Characteristics of Arthropods
Arthropods share four characteristics: a segmented body with specialized parts, jointed limbs, an exoskeleton, and a well-developed nervous system.
Segmented and Specialized Like annelid worms, arthropods are segmented. Many also have specialized parts such as wings, antennae, gills, pincers, and claws.
Jointed Limbs Jointed limbs are legs or other body parts that bend at the joints and make moving easier.

35. Characteristics of Arthropods, continued
Chapter 15
Section 3 Arthropods
Characteristics of Arthropods, continued
An External Skeleton The hard, external structure that covers the outside of the body is called an exoskeleton. The exoskeleton supports the body, protects internal organs, and prevents water loss.
Sensing Surroundings Arthropods that have compound eyes can see images. A compound eye is an eye that is made of many identical, light-sensitive units.

36. Chapter 15 Compound Eye Section 3 Arthropods
Click below to watch the Visual Concept.
You may stop the video at any time by pressing the Esc key.
Visual Concept

37. Chapter 15 Kinds of Arthropods
Section 3 Arthropods
Kinds of Arthropods
Arthropods are classified by the kinds and numbers of body parts they have.
An antenna is a feller that sense touch, taste, or smell.

38. Kinds of Arthropods, continued
Chapter 15
Section 3 Arthropods
Kinds of Arthropods, continued
Centipedes and Millipedes Centipedes and millipedes have one pair of antennae, a hard head, and one pair of mandibles. Mandibles are mouthparts that can pierce and suck food.
Centipedes have one pair of legs on each segment and a total of 30 to 354 legs.
Millipedes have two pairs of legs on each segment and as many as 752 legs.

39. Kinds of Arthropods, continued
Chapter 15
Section 3 Arthropods
Kinds of Arthropods, continued
Crustaceans Shrimps, barnacles, crabs, and lobsters are crustaceans.
Crustaceans have gills for breathing, mandibles for eating, two compound eyes on eyestalks, and two pairs of antennae.

40. Kinds of Arthropods, continued
Chapter 15
Section 3 Arthropods
Kinds of Arthropods, continued
Arachnids Spiders, scorpions, mites, and ticks are arachnids.
Arachnids have two main body parts: a cephalothorax and an abdomen.
Most arachnids have four pairs of legs, no antenna, simple eyes, and mouth parts called chelicerae.

41. Body Parts of Arachnids
Chapter 15
Section 3 Arthropods
Body Parts of Arachnids

42. Kinds of Arthropods, continued
Chapter 15
Section 3 Arthropods
Kinds of Arthropods, continued
Insects Insects make up the largest group of arthropods. If you put all the insects in the world together, they would weigh more than all the other animals combined!
Insects have three main body parts, six legs, and two antennae.

43. Chapter 15 The World of Insects
Section 3 Arthropods
The World of Insects
Insect Bodies An insect’s body has three parts: the head, the thorax, and the abdomen.
Metamorphosis is a phase in the life cycle of many animals during which a rapid change from the immature form of an organism to the adult form takes place.
Complete Metamorphosis Most insects go through a complete metamorphosis. Complete metamorphosis has four parts: eggs, larva, pupa, and adult.

44. Chapter 15
Section 3 Arthropods

45. The World of Insects, continued
Chapter 15
Section 3 Arthropods
The World of Insects, continued
Incomplete Metamorphosis Grasshoppers and cockroaches are some of the insects that go through incomplete metamorphosis.
Incomplete metamorphosis has three main stages: egg, nymph, and adult.

46. Incomplete Metamorphosis
Chapter 15
Section 3 Arthropods
Incomplete Metamorphosis

47. Chapter 15
Section 4 Echinoderms
Bellringer
Echinoderms include marine animals such as sea stars, sea urchins, and sea cucumbers. All these organisms are slow moving bottom dwellers. How do you think they protect themselves from predators?
Record your response in your science journal.

48. Chapter 15
Section 4 Echinoderms
Objectives
Describe the endoskeleton, nervous system, and water vascular system of echinoderms.
Explain how an echinoderm’s body symmetry changes with age.
Describe five classes of echinoderms.

49. Chapter 15 Echinoderms are spiny invertebrates that live in the ocean.
Section 4 Echinoderms
Echinoderms are spiny invertebrates that live in the ocean.
Sea stars, sea urchins, and sand dollars are some familiar members of this group.
Echinoderms eat shellfish, dead plants or animals, or algae that they scrape off rocks.

50. Chapter 15 Spiny Skinned The name echinoderm means “spiny skinned.”
Section 4 Echinoderms
Spiny Skinned
The name echinoderm means “spiny skinned.”
The spines are actually on the animals endoskeleton. An endoskeleton in an internal skeleton made of bone or cartilage.

51. Chapter 15 Bilateral or Radial?
Section 4 Echinoderms
Bilateral or Radial?
Adult echinoderms have radial symmetry. Larvae have bilateral symmetry.

52. Chapter 15 The Nervous System
Section 4 Echinoderms
The Nervous System
All echinoderms have a simple nervous system similar to that of a jellyfish. Around the mouth is a circle of nerve fibers called the nerve ring.
Sea stars have a radial nerve that runs from the nerve ring to the tip of each arm.

53. Sea Star Nervous System
Chapter 15
Section 4 Echinoderms
Sea Star Nervous System

54. Chapter 15 Water Vascular System
Section 4 Echinoderms
Water Vascular System
The water vascular system is a system of canals filled with a watery fluid that circulates throughout the body of an echinoderm.
Echinoderms use their water vascular system to move, eat, breathe, and sense its environment.

55. Chapter 15
Section 4 Echinoderms

56. Chapter 15 Kinds of Echinoderms
Section 4 Echinoderms
Kinds of Echinoderms
There are five major classes of echinoderms. Sea stars are the most familiar class.
Brittle Stars and Basket Stars Brittle stars and basket stars look like sea stars. But these echinoderms have long, slim arms and are often smaller than sea stars. They don’t have suckers on their tube feet.

57. Kinds of Echinoderms, continued
Chapter 15
Section 4 Echinoderms
Kinds of Echinoderms, continued
Sea Urchins and Sand Dollars Sea urchins and sand dollars are round. Their endoskeletons form a solid, shell-like structure.
Sea Lilies and Feather Stars Sea lilies and feather stars have 5 to 200 feathery arms.
Sea Cucumbers Like sea urchins and sand dollars, sea cucumbers have no arms. A sea cucumber has a soft, leathery body.

58. Chapter 15
Invertebrates
Concept Map
Use the terms below to complete the concept map on the next slide.
Cnidarians
Symmetry
Invertebrates
Mollusks
Annelid worms
Snails
Bilateral
Sponges
Coral
Asymmetry

59. Chapter 15
Invertebrates

60. Chapter 15
Invertebrates

61. End of Chapter 15 Show

62. Chapter 15
Standardized Test Preparation
Reading
Read each of the passages. Then answer the questions that follow each passage.

63. Chapter 15
Standardized Test Preparation
Passage 1 Giant squids are very similar to their smaller relatives. They have a torpedo-shaped body, two tentacles, eight arms, a mantle, and a beak. All of their body parts are much larger, though. A giant squid’s eye may be as large as a volleyball! Given
the size of giant squids, it’s hard to imagine that they have any enemies in the ocean, but they do.
Continued on the next slide

64. Chapter 15
Standardized Test Preparation
Passage 1, continued Toothed sperm whales eat giant squids. How do we know this? Thousands of squid beaks have been found in the stomach of a
single sperm whale. The hard beaks of giant squids are indigestible. Also, many whales bear ring marks on their forehead and fins that match the size of the suckers found on giant squids.

65. Chapter 15
Standardized Test Preparation
1. Based on the passage, what do you think the word indigestible describes?
A something that cannot be digested
B something that causes indigestion
C something that one cannot dig out
D something that one cannot guess

66. Chapter 15
Standardized Test Preparation
1. Based on the passage, what do you think the word indigestible describes?
A something that cannot be digested
B something that causes indigestion
C something that one cannot dig out
D something that one cannot guess

67. Chapter 15 2. What can you infer from this passage?
Standardized Test Preparation
2. What can you infer from this passage?
F Giant squids only imagine that they have enemies.
G A toothed sperm whale can eat 10,000 giant squids in one meal.
H Giant squids defend themselves against toothed sperm whales.
I Giant squids and sperm whales compete with each other for food.

68. Chapter 15 2. What can you infer from this passage?
Standardized Test Preparation
2. What can you infer from this passage?
F Giant squids only imagine that they have enemies.
G A toothed sperm whale can eat 10,000 giant squids in one meal.
H Giant squids defend themselves against toothed sperm whales.
I Giant squids and sperm whales compete with each other for food.

69. Chapter 15
Standardized Test Preparation
3. How are giant squids different from other kinds of squids?
A Giant squids have a torpedo-shaped body, a mantle, and a beak.
B Giant squids have enemies in the ocean.
C Giant squids have larger body parts.
D Giant squids are the size of a volleyball.

70. Chapter 15
Standardized Test Preparation
3. How are giant squids different from other kinds of squids?
A Giant squids have a torpedo-shaped body, a mantle, and a beak.
B Giant squids have enemies in the ocean.
C Giant squids have larger body parts.
D Giant squids are the size of a volleyball.

71. Chapter 15
Standardized Test Preparation
Passage 2 Water bears are microscopic invertebrates that are closely related to arthropods. Most water bears live on wet mosses and lichens. Some of them eat roundworms and other tiny animals, but most feed on mosses. What makes water bears unique is their ability to shut down their body processes. They do this when their environment becomes too hot, too cold, or too dry.
Shutting down body processes means that the organism doesn’t eat, move, or breathe. But it doesn’t die, either. It just dries out.
Continued on the next slide

72. Chapter 15
Standardized Test Preparation
Passage 2, continued When conditions improve, the water bear returns to normal life. Scientists think that the water bear’s cells become coated with sugar when its body shuts down. This sugar may keep the cells from breaking down while they are inactive.

73. Chapter 15
Standardized Test Preparation
1. How do scientists think sugar helps water bears survive while their body processes are shut down?
A Sugar coats their cells, keeping the cells from breaking down.
B Sugar coats their cells, trapping moisture inside the cells.
C Sugar coats their cells, keeping moisture from entering the cells.
D Sugar provides water bears with nutrients.

74. Chapter 15
Standardized Test Preparation
1. How do scientists think sugar helps water bears survive while their body processes are shut down?
A Sugar coats their cells, keeping the cells from breaking down.
B Sugar coats their cells, trapping moisture inside the cells.
C Sugar coats their cells, keeping moisture from entering the cells.
D Sugar provides water bears with nutrients.

75. Chapter 15 2. What do water bears eat? F sugar G mosses H lichens
Standardized Test Preparation
2. What do water bears eat?
F sugar
G mosses
H lichens
I arthropods

76. Chapter 15 2. What do water bears eat? F sugar G mosses H lichens
Standardized Test Preparation
2. What do water bears eat?
F sugar
G mosses
H lichens
I arthropods

77. Chapter 15 3. Which is a unique characteristic of water bears?
Standardized Test Preparation
3. Which is a unique characteristic of water bears?
A They are related to arthropods.
B They often live on mosses or lichens.
C They can live at the bottom of the ocean.
D They can shut down their body processes without dying.

78. Chapter 15 3. Which is a unique characteristic of water bears?
Standardized Test Preparation
3. Which is a unique characteristic of water bears?
A They are related to arthropods.
B They often live on mosses or lichens.
C They can live at the bottom of the ocean.
D They can shut down their body processes without dying.

79. Interpreting Graphics
Chapter 15
Standardized Test Preparation
Interpreting Graphics
This bar graph shows the number of monarchs in a population from 1990 to1994. Use the graph to answer the questions that follow.

80. Chapter 15
Standardized Test Preparation
1. Compare the number of butterflies in the population during 1990, 1991, 1992, and Identify the statement that best describes how the
population changed during those years.
A The population increased.
B The population remained
the same.
C The population decreased.
D The population doubled
yearly.

81. Chapter 15
Standardized Test Preparation
1. Compare the number of butterflies in the population during 1990, 1991, 1992, and Identify the statement that best describes how the
population changed during those years.
A The population increased.
B The population remained
the same.
C The population decreased.
D The population doubled
yearly.

82. Chapter 15
Standardized Test Preparation

83. Chapter 15
Standardized Test Preparation
2. Why might butterfly scientists be surprised about the 1994 monarch population?
F The 1994 population was the first population of 9 million ever recorded.
G The 1994 population was the first decreased population recorded in 4 years.
H The 1994 population was the first increased population recorded in 4 years.
I The 1994 population was the first decreased population ever recorded.

84. Chapter 15
Standardized Test Preparation
2. Why might butterfly scientists be surprised about the 1994 monarch population?
F The 1994 population was the first population of 9 million ever recorded.
G The 1994 population was the first decreased population recorded in 4 years.
H The 1994 population was the first increased population recorded in 4 years.
I The 1994 population was the first decreased population ever recorded.

85. Chapter 15
Standardized Test Preparation

86. Chapter 15
Standardized Test Preparation
3. What can you infer from the graph about how the monarch’s environmental conditions changed between 1993 and 1994?
A Conditions were worse in 1994.
B Conditions did not change between 1993 and 1994.
C Conditions were better in 1994.
D This graph does not contain enough information to determine how conditions changed between 1993 and 1994.

87. Chapter 15
Standardized Test Preparation
3. What can you infer from the graph about how the monarch’s environmental conditions changed between 1993 and 1994?
A Conditions were worse in 1994.
B Conditions did not change between 1993 and 1994.
C Conditions were better in 1994.
D This graph does not contain enough information to determine how conditions changed between 1993 and 1994.

88. Chapter 15
Standardized Test Preparation
4. What was the average population of monarchs during these 5 years?
F 7 million
G 8 million
H 9 million
I 40 million

89. Chapter 15
Standardized Test Preparation
4. What was the average population of monarchs during these 5 years?
F 7 million
G 8 million
H 9 million
I 40 million

90. Chapter 15 Math Read each question and choose the best answer.
Standardized Test Preparation
Math
Read each question and choose the best answer.

91. Chapter 15
Standardized Test Preparation
1. Raymond wanted to arrange his shell collection in order of size. Which group of shell lengths is listed in order from smallest to largest?
A 1.6 cm, 0.25 dm, m, 5.0 cm
B m, 0.25 dm, 1.6 cm, 5.0 cm
C 1.6 cm, 5.0 cm, 0.25 dm, m
D 1.6 cm, m, 0.25 dm, 5.0 cm

92. Chapter 15
Standardized Test Preparation
1. Raymond wanted to arrange his shell collection in order of size. Which group of shell lengths is listed in order from smallest to largest?
A 1.6 cm, 0.25 dm, m, 5.0 cm
B m, 0.25 dm, 1.6 cm, 5.0 cm
C 1.6 cm, 5.0 cm, 0.25 dm, m
D 1.6 cm, m, 0.25 dm, 5.0 cm

93. Chapter 15
Standardized Test Preparation
2. Raquelle wants to buy some earthworms to put in her garden. The earthworms are sold in containers that each hold 8 worms. How many containers will Raquelle need to buy if she wants 75 earthworms?
F 9 containers
G 10 containers
H 15 containers
I 83 containers

94. Chapter 15
Standardized Test Preparation
2. Raquelle wants to buy some earthworms to put in her garden. The earthworms are sold in containers that each hold 8 worms. How many containers will Raquelle need to buy if she wants 75 earthworms?
F 9 containers
G 10 containers
H 15 containers
I 83 containers

95. Chapter 15
Standardized Test Preparation
3. Maxwell found a huge basket star while he was scuba diving. The basket star had five arms, and each arm branched into three pieces. Each of these pieces branched into two more tips. How many tips did the basket star have?
A 2 tips
B 5 tips
C 15 tips
D 30 tips

96. Chapter 15
Standardized Test Preparation
3. Maxwell found a huge basket star while he was scuba diving. The basket star had five arms, and each arm branched into three pieces. Each of these pieces branched into two more tips. How many tips did the basket star have?
A 2 tips
B 5 tips
C 15 tips
D 30 tips

97. Chapter 15
Section 1 Simple Invertebrates

98. Chapter 15
Section 1 Simple Invertebrates

99. Body Form of Cnidarians
Chapter 15
Section 1 Simple Invertebrates
Body Form of Cnidarians

100. Chapter 15
Section 2 Mollusks and Annelid Worms

101. Body Parts of Arachnids
Chapter 15
Section 3 Arthropods
Body Parts of Arachnids

102. Sea Star Nervous System
Chapter 15
Section 4 Echinoderms
Sea Star Nervous System

103. Chapter 15
Standardized Test Preparation