1. Fitness D. Crowley, 2007

2. Fitness  To be able to plan an investigation into the fitness of year 9 Saturday, August 08, 2015

3. Fitness  What does fitness, or being ‘fit’ mean?  Being fit means your body is able to do the activities your lifestyle demands - e.g. being able to run; get upstairs without getting out of breathe; being strong enough to lift things etc…  Fitness is different for each person, but is made up of: -  Strength  Speed  Stamina  Suppleness  What does fitness, or being ‘fit’ mean?  Being fit means your body is able to do the activities your lifestyle demands - e.g. being able to run; get upstairs without getting out of breathe; being strong enough to lift things etc…  Fitness is different for each person, but is made up of: -  Strength  Speed  Stamina  Suppleness

4. Different People  Fitness varies amongst different people  Remember, the four key fitness factors are: -  Strength  Speed  Stamina  Suppleness  What factors would a gymnast need?  What about a weight lifter?  What about a tour-de-France cyclist?  Fitness varies amongst different people  Remember, the four key fitness factors are: -  Strength  Speed  Stamina  Suppleness  What factors would a gymnast need?  What about a weight lifter?  What about a tour-de-France cyclist? Suppleness Strength Stamina & Speed

5. Measuring Fitness  How can you measure fitness? What happens to your body when you undertake some strenuous exercise? What happens after you stop exercising?  In your book, write down ways you think you could measure someone's fitness  Strength (how much they can lift)  Speed (how fast they can run)  Stamina (how long they can cycle for)  Suppleness (how flexible they are)  How can you measure fitness? What happens to your body when you undertake some strenuous exercise? What happens after you stop exercising?  In your book, write down ways you think you could measure someone's fitness  Strength (how much they can lift)  Speed (how fast they can run)  Stamina (how long they can cycle for)  Suppleness (how flexible they are)

6. Exercise  When you exercise your muscles work harder - using up more oxygen  To compensate, your heart beats quicker pumping more blood around your body  When you exercise your muscles work harder - using up more oxygen  To compensate, your heart beats quicker pumping more blood around your body  Your breathing rate also increases, allowing you to get more oxygen into your body (and expel more carbon dioxide)

7. Heart  Fit people (who exercise a lot) have stronger heart muscles, so their heart pumps more blood with each beat  This means it can beat less than an unfit person’s and still pump the same amount of blood  So fit people usually have slower resting heart beat rates  After exercise a fit person’s heart rate usually returns to its resting rate quicker than an unfit persons  This is also true of their breathing rate  Fit people (who exercise a lot) have stronger heart muscles, so their heart pumps more blood with each beat  This means it can beat less than an unfit person’s and still pump the same amount of blood  So fit people usually have slower resting heart beat rates  After exercise a fit person’s heart rate usually returns to its resting rate quicker than an unfit persons  This is also true of their breathing rate

8. Heart Rate  Your task it to measure both your heart rate and breathing rate  Firstly count how many times your heart beats in 1 minute when resting  Then count how many times you breathe in 1 minute when resting  Record your results on the worksheet  Your task it to measure both your heart rate and breathing rate  Firstly count how many times your heart beats in 1 minute when resting  Then count how many times you breathe in 1 minute when resting  Record your results on the worksheet

9. Heart Rate  Now do 2 minutes hard exercise - star jumps; running on the spot; press ups etc…  Now start the stop watch, and monitor your heart rate - record how long it took to get back to your resting rate  Now do 2 minutes hard exercise - star jumps; running on the spot; press ups etc…  Now start the stop watch, and monitor your heart rate - record how long it took to get back to your resting rate

10. Body Fat The thickness of a skin fold gives an indication of how much body fat a person has In this experiment we will measure the thickness of a skin fold in the upper arm: - 1.Gently pinch your partner’s skin between your thumb and finger 2.Place the callipers around the skin fold at a depth of ~1cm, and measure the thickness (in mm) 3.Repeat the measurement twice more, leaving 15 seconds between each reading Calculate the average by adding your three readings, and dividing by 3 The thickness of a skin fold gives an indication of how much body fat a person has In this experiment we will measure the thickness of a skin fold in the upper arm: - 1.Gently pinch your partner’s skin between your thumb and finger 2.Place the callipers around the skin fold at a depth of ~1cm, and measure the thickness (in mm) 3.Repeat the measurement twice more, leaving 15 seconds between each reading Calculate the average by adding your three readings, and dividing by 3

11. Results  Using the chart below, work out if you are under-weight; below average; average; above average; or over-weight Upper-arm skin fold measurement (mm) MaleFemale Under-weight< 6< 8 Below average6 - 88 - 11 Average8 - 1511 - 20 Above average15 - 2320 - 25 Over-weight> 23> 25

12. Strength  Finally see how strong you are  Holding a set of scales between both hands press as hard as you can - record your strength - the force in Newtons (N)  Who is the strongest person in the class?  Finally see how strong you are  Holding a set of scales between both hands press as hard as you can - record your strength - the force in Newtons (N)  Who is the strongest person in the class?

13. Analysis  Write down what your results tell you about your fitness  What organs are involved with your fitness, and how do you think you could improve your fitness (diet; smoking; exercise you do weekly etc…)  Write down what your results tell you about your fitness  What organs are involved with your fitness, and how do you think you could improve your fitness (diet; smoking; exercise you do weekly etc…)