1. Making Electronics simple for everyone! Brian P Smith Loughborough Summer School 2015 Sponsored by ICSAT

2. Welcome Good morning and welcome to the Making Electronics Simple for eveyone! Workshop I’m Brian Smith and I have been teaching electronics and computing for 34 years and have created a number of commercial products – Kidschip, Learn & Go, eChip This session is sponsored by ICSAT – CPD provider and Resources developer run by 3 ‘grumpy’ old men (Brian Russell, Brian Smith & George Asquith) In the next 2:45 hrs we will be taking a look at Electronics for KS3, how to get started and design electronic systems It will be a ‘hands on’ session

3. Aims of the Session To review the requirements for electronics at KS3 and 4 To introduce the Input – Process – Output model of circuit design To develop simple electronic design skills using IPO cards To develop skills in using breadboards and circuit simulation for prototyping circuits To show how microcontrollers can be used to apply computing principles and embed intelligence into pupil work at KS3 by upgrading circuits and projects To have a practical experience of microcontrollers To identify next steps in further developing your own use of electronics & programmable components in the classroom.

4. INTRODUCTION Making Electronics simple for everyone!

5. Electronics in NC 2014 The key requirement are: apply their understanding of computing to program, monitor and control their products. KS2 apply computing and use electronics to embed intelligence in products that respond to inputs such as sensors, and control outputs such as actuators, using programmable components such as microcontrollers. KS3 Brian P Smith5

6. What does it mean in practice? It translates into: ‘The need to teach more advanced electronics that embed intelligence into the products they design and make’ This doesn’t mean more difficult, as embedded electronics has moved on in terms of the development tools and support available We need to have high aspirations in this field of D&T to meet the challenges of the 21 st Century Designing & Making leading into world class manufacturing and engineering. Brian P Smith6

7. A suggested route

9. GCSE Draft Technical Content how mechanical and electrical power is stored in order to choose and use appropriate sources of power to make products and systems work. the key elements of open and closed systems, including subsystems, and systems thinking how electronic systems provide functionality to products, including: switches and sensors to respond to a variety of input signals; process/control devices to switch, time and amplify; and devices to produce a range of outputs including light, sound and motion the use of programmable components, including microcontrollers and coding, to embed functionality into products in order to enhance and customise their operation the functions of mechanical devices, to produce different sorts of movement, changing the magnitude and direction of forces What are your thoughts? Remember to feedback via the consultation process.

10. GETTING STARTED Making Electronics simple for everyone!

11. Electronic Systems INPUTSPROCESSOUTPUTS OPEN LOOP CLOSED LOOP All electronic devices can be described in systems terms – what blocks are they made up from? All systems have the same basic layout as shown below: A system that just uses inputs, process and outputs is an Open Loop system, it doesn’t monitor or use it’s output to alter its function. One that does is known as a Closed Loop system.

12. Update Systems diagram The traditional systems diagram needs updating for the following reasons: – To make it easier to use as a design tool – To break systems down into small known blocks and components – To take account of the change in electronics to a more Embedded solutions INPUTSPROCESSOUTPUTS CODEINTERFACE Microcontrollers

13. Electronic Designers Toolkit To assist with the need to design electronic systems I have developed a set of: Input Process Output Interface Code cards These cards: – Provide a wide range of building blocks for electronic system design – Contain key information & maths required – Designed for students & teachers starting out – Great aide memoire for experienced teachers – Contain a blocks you might not have come across before – Colour coded to block type – Block type Analogue / Digital identified

14. Toolkit Cards for Electronics Toolkit Cards for Electronics. The cards cover the following areas: Inputs – 16+ cards with example circuits and calculation info Process – 25+ cards with example circuits and calculation info Interface – 6+ cards with example circuits Output – 16+ cards with example circuits and calculation info Coding – 16+ cards with example code snippets for standard and more advanced functions commonly needed Power – 6+ cards with example circuits and calculation info Available Sept 2015

15. PRACTICAL 1 Making Electronics simple for everyone!

16. Light activated night light Challenge: – To design, simulate and make a light activated night light Questions to ask: – Which input block do I need? – Which process block(s) do I need? – Which output block do I need? Pick a card(s)

17. Design, Simulate and Make 1.Using the Toolkit cards design a system to meet the challenge 2.Using Crocodile Technology on the PC’s, create and test your circuit 3.Using the Breadboard and the components available make a prototype of your circuit Allows remember to record your work on paper and/or photo’s

18. Possible solution(s) NPN TransistorN MOSFET Transistor What variation have I used and why?

19. Fritzing Fritzing is a free circuit design software that: Uses virtual breadboard Creates schematics from the breadboard design PCB design from the breadboard / schematic design Programming for Arduino & PICAXE

20. PRACTICAL 2 Making Electronics simple for everyone!

21. Touch activated light Challenge: – To design, simulate and make a touch activated light Questions to ask: – Which input block do I need? – Which process block(s) do I need? – Which output block do I need? Pick a card(s)

22. Design, Simulate and Make 1.Using the Toolkit cards design a system to meet the challenge 2.Using Crocodile Technology on the PC’s, create and test your circuit 3.Using the Breadboard and the components available make a prototype of your circuit Allows remember to record your work on paper and/or photo’s

23. Possible solution(s) NPN TransistorN MOSFET Transistor Here’s a smart alternative

24. N MOSFET with memoryExplanation The MOSFET transistor use voltage to switch on and off, but uses very little current to do so approx 10nA The capacitor stores voltage, which keeps the transistor switched on, until it is discharge by pressing switch 2 The two switches can be replaced by copper strip or wire and by just bridging the gap with your finger it will still work – a switch with NO moving parts.

25. PRACTICAL 3 Making Electronics simple for everyone!

26. Flashing safety light Challenge: – To design, simulate and make a flashing safety light Questions to ask: – Which input block do I need? – Which process block(s) do I need? – Which output block do I need? Pick a card(s)

27. Design, Simulate and Make 1.Using the Toolkit cards design a system to meet the challenge 2.Using Crocodile Technology on the PC’s, create and test your circuit 3.Using the Breadboard and the components available make a prototype of your circuit Allows remember to record your work on paper and/or photo’s

28. Possible solution(s) 555 Timer74HC14 / 40106

29. Here’s a couple more NAND gate - 4011NOR gate 4001 1.Any how do these 2 related to the 74HC14 & 40106? 2.What block would you add to allow them to drive more LEDs? 3.How could you make them emit audio tones? Sketch up a solution to Q2 & Q3 Most logic chips contain at least 4 gates & are cheap

30. PRACTICAL 4 Making Electronics simple for everyone!

31. PIC based flashing safety light Challenge: – To design, simulate and make a PIC based flashing safety light Questions to ask: – Which input block do I need? – Which process block(s) do I need? – Which output block do I need? Pick a card(s)

32. Design, Simulate and Make 1.Using the Toolkit cards design a system to meet the challenge 2.Using Crocodile Technology on the PC’s, create and test your circuit 3.Using the Breadboard and the components available make a prototype of your circuit Allows remember to record your work on paper and/or photo’s

33. Possible solution(s) PICAXE basedGenie based How could you drive more LEDs? What else could the PIC do with the LEDs? Pin 4 is an analogue input, what block(s) could you attach to give sensing?

34. Other μC solutions Arduino Uno AVR ATtiny There are many clones which are cheaper, the software is free and vast amount of support on the net A simple 8 pin Arduino chip, uses a £14 programmer or an Arduino. Can run small simple Arduino code and costs 50p Same software as the full Arduino and is free.

35. PRACTICAL 5 Making Electronics simple for everyone!

36. Have a play Challenge: – To design, simulate and make a ??? Questions to ask: – Which input block do I need? – Which process block(s) do I need? – Which output block do I need? Pick a card(s)

37. Design, Simulate and Make 1.Using the Toolkit cards design a system to meet the challenge 2.Using Crocodile Technology on the PC’s, create and test your circuit 3.Using the Breadboard and the components available make a prototype of your circuit Allows remember to record your work on paper and/or photo’s

38. Possible solution(s) What have you come up with? Did it work? Is it the basis for a project?

39. IT’S A WRAP Exploring programmable electronics, robotics and coding

40. I hope that you have found it useful and enjoyable and that electronics might not seem as daunting now.

41. Key points from the workshop Positives What are your concerns? Things to target / develop

42. Electronic Designers Toolkit Cards For Sept we have developed a set of Toolkit Cards for Electronics. The cards cover the following areas: Inputs – 16+ cards with example circuits and calculation info Process – 25+ cards with example circuits and calculation info Interface – 6+ cards with example circuits Output – 16+ cards with example circuits and calculation info Coding – 16+ cards with example code snippets for standard and more advanced functions commonly needed Power – 6+ cards with example circuits and calculation info Cost to be confirmed

43. DATA Key Materials For the new KS3 DATA has produced a set of Key Materials to help teachers lock into the expectations of the new curriculum for D&T These materials are not full SoW, but give an example learning programme in the areas of: – Product Design – Textiles – Systems & Control – Food & Nutrition The each area has four facets: – Mainly Design – Mainly Making – Design & Make – Technology in Society They can used in a variety of ways, for the whole KS, one year group, or one facet etc. Fully referenced to the NC 2014 Learning objectives

44. Thank you for your time Course for Electronics & PIC’s, Crumble & Arduino next term Look on our website: www.icsat.co.ukwww.icsat.co.uk Checkout our eShop: www.eshop.icsat.co.ukwww.eshop.icsat.co.uk If you don’t see what you are looking for talk to us, we can tailor course and meetings to suit your needs. Tell your colleagues about us.