1. Homework Revise – test next week Bring evidence you have revised Green book 83-87

2. TREATING DIABETES p.258-261

3. Objectives Students should learn: What are type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Why diabetes is so dangerous that the treatment of diabetes has developed over the years that there are difficulties associated with the development of new treatments for diabetes

4. Heading: Diabetes Read p259 Answer p259 Q2b Why is it so important to control the glucose levels in your blood?

5. P259 2b Glucose is needed for respiration so must be in the blood to provide the cells with energy for this If glucose went too high then water would be drawn out of red blood cells by osmosis

6. Treating Diabetes Read p260-1 Answer p261 Q1,

7. Answers p. 261 1. Diabetes, insulin, cured, older people, obesity, exercise

8. Q2a compare modern insulin treatment with the original insulin used to treat diabetics Original insulinModern insulin Overall modern insulin is better as it is identical to human insulin so there are no side effects

9. Q2a Original insulinModern insulin From animal pancreasMade from gm bacteria Quantities limitedQuality and quantity assured Side effects due to difference in the insulin No side effects as identical to human insulin Overall modern insulin is better as it is identical to human insulin so there are no side effects

10. Q2b compare transplant of pancreas with insulin injections Pancreatic transplantInsulin injections All these are reasons why it is not more widely used

11. Q2b Pancreatic transplantInsulin injections Good cureNeeds injections daily/pump Complex surgeryWidely available High risk of rejection/needs immuno supressant drugs Patient monitors and inject themselves so independent of doctor mostly Not enough donorsRelatively cheap compared to transplant Needs replacing eventually All these are reasons why it is not more widely used

12. Do the Banting and Best Worksheet

13. Protease, lipase, amylase Dogs get it too Protease made by the pancreas digests insulin Made an extract of the islet cells only so the protease did not digest the insulin

14. Answers 1. No side effects. No religious/moral objections. More effective. 2. Does not involve extraction from humans. Produced in large quantities. 3. Animal experimentation/deaths 4. Companies make a lot of money from the production of drugs to treat diabetes. 5. Sanctity of life, experimentation on unborn humans, fears over where the work would lead to next.

15. Workbook p. 121

17. Outcomes Most students should be able to: describe the work of Banting and Best in the discovery of insulin understand that human insulin can be produced from genetically-engineered bacteria list some of the ways in which diabetes may be cured and discuss them. Some students should also be able to: evaluate in detail the different methods available for the treatment and cure of diabetes.

18. Specification Evaluate modern methods of treating diabetes. [B3.3]