1. Basic Structure

2.  The Periodic Table has 7 rows called “Periods” – 1-7 18 columns called “Groups” – 1-18

3.  Elements are ordered from left to right, top to bottom by increasing atomic number  Atomic numbers are 1-118

4.  Elements in each column, or group, have common chemical properties Example: all elements in Group 18 are gases. The collective name for this group of elements is the “Nobel Gases” Other groups have names as well

5.  The Periodic Table can give us lots of information about the atoms of each type of element

6.  Each element (kind of atom) has a unique chemical symbol.  This is used as a short way of writing the names of elements  These symbols are also used when writing chemical equations  Each chemical symbol is made up of 1-3 letters

8.  The first letter of each chemical symbol is ALWAYS CAPITALIZED.  All other letters in the symbol are lowercase  Writing chemical symbols properly is very important in chemistry.  Capitalizing the wrong letter may indicate a different element.

9.  Cl = Chlorine (correct)  CI = Carbon and Iodine (incorrect)  Co = Cobalt (correct)  CO = Carbon Monoxide (incorrect)  Si = Silicon (correct)  SI = Sulfur and Iodine (incorrect)

10.  The difference among all atoms is the number of protons it has  The smallest atom has 1 proton  The largest atom has 118 protons

11.  This indicates the number of protons in each atom of a particular element.  This number is usually in the largest font in each box.  Notice that atomic numbers increase as you look left to right across the Periodic Table

13.  The identity of an atom is determined by it’s atomic number  Knowing the atomic number of an element can help you draw an electrically neutral atom for that element