2.  Color the map.  Make sure all of Greece is ONE color.  Label the island of Crete  Label the bodies of water › -Aegean Sea › Mediterranean Sea › Ionian Sea

3.  Greek Contributions: › Temple building and columns › Philosophy › Mathematics › Ideal proportion of human bodies › Astronomy › Military Strategies › Theatre › Olympics › Mythology

4.  Greeks thought their temples were homes to gods, not just places to worship.  Building materials used include wood, brick, stone ( marble and limestone ).  Simple rectangular building on an acropolis, or high point in a city.  Built between 447BC-438BC  From the top step rose the Peristyle or row of Doric Columns.  The columns supported a stone tablature that supported a wooden roof.  The frieze is a low relief marble sculpture and there are many in Ancient Greece.

5.  The Parthenon has two rooms. › Opisthodemos, a smaller room used as a treasury. › Cella (Naos), the larger room where an oversized statue of Athena was located.  Some key features in many Greek works of architecture include: › Friezes › Portico (porch leading into temple entrance) › Entasis (convex curve)

6.  The Greeks did not like the cold whiteness of the marble buildings and painted things or carved pictures inside.  Like all Greek buildings, the parts of the Parthenon were designed to be: › A mathematically perfect work › A testament to Greek progression › Strong in order to last a long time  The Parthenon was built on the Acropolis, or a high plateau on the edge of Athens.  On the western edge of the Acropolis there was the Temple of Nike, a sacred cave, and a main gate.

7.  There is a hill crowned with Athena’s sacred temple.  Some other facts about the Acropolis: › It was originally built for defense. › Greeks would be able to view enemies from the high points. › It was first excavated between 1835 and 1837. › It has decayed a lot due to air pollution. › Many artifacts and artworks were taken by Lord Elgin of Britain. › 80m high, 150m wide, and 350m long.

8.  The subject of the frieze was a parade or some sort of procession.  It is broken into sections that coincide with each other.  Animals and people are shown but the true meaning is still debated.  It’s construction was supervised by Pheidias.

9.  DORIC: Thicker and shorter columns. › They stand directly on flat pavement. › Usually have 2o concave grooves. › Usually have a flare at the top. › Main column used in the Parthenon.  IONIC: Taller and slimmer › Curlicues called volutes › 4 Ionic columns supported the Parthenon’s roof › Originated in the 6 th century BC in Ionia. › Stands on pedestals  CORINTHIAN: Most ornate and slender › Made more famous in Roman architecture › Derived from the Ionian order.

10.  Examples of artworks: Discobolus or Discus Thrower by Myron. Doryphorus or Spear Bearer by Polykleitos.

11.  Dramatic and often violent images created with skill and confidence.  Beauty was less important than the display of  During the Classical Period they achieved near perfection in balance, proportion, and sense of movement.  During Hellenistic times  The Greeks wanted to make their sculptures look realistic and they eventually acquired the skills to do so.

12.  Theater – Celebrated in Dionysia. Created comedy, tragedy, and satyr. Also developed the use of masks and large theaters.  Recorded History – Herodotus is called the father of history as he wrote about the real world even if it was exaggerated.  Democracy – Athenian leaders developed the concept of one (free) man one vote.  Education – Schools for philosophy and mathematics were established all over Greece.

13.  Olympics – Dates back to 776BC. Originally held in Olympia. Many events are still done today.  Architecture – Stone buildings with columns were also used in Rome and today.  Mythology – Many intricate stories have been told and are still continued today.  Military Strategy – Advancements in armor and technique were made by Greeks, especially the Spartans.