1. Impact of global trade
Ottoman Empire

2. Location and development of the Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire emerged as a political and economic power following the conquest of Constantinople.
The Ottomans brought much of Muslim territory in Southwest Asia and North Africa under their rule.

3. Original location of the Ottoman Empire
Asia Minor

5. Expansion and extent of the Ottoman Empire
Southwest Asia
Southeastern Europe, Balkan Peninsula
North Africa
See your map pages A26-A27

6. Development of the Ottoman Empire
Capital at Constantinople renamed Istanbul
Islamic religion as a unifying force that accepted other religions
Trade in coffee and ceramics

7. Location of the Mughal Empire
North India
Descendants of the Mongols, the Muslim Mughal (Mogul) rulers established an empire in northern India.
The Mughal Empire traded with European nations.
Much of southern India remained independent and continued international trade

9. Contributions of Mughal rulers
Spread of Islam into India
Art and architecture: Taj Mahal
Establishment of European trading outposts
Influence of Indian textiles on British textile industry

10. Mughal Empire
What were the contributions of the Mughal emperors of India?
Spread Islam into India, built the Taj Mahal, established European trading outposts, and influenced the British textile industry

11. Trade with European nations
Portugal, England, and the Netherlands competed for the Indian Ocean trade by establishing coastal ports on the Indian sub-continent.
Southern India traded silks, spices, and gems

12. Mughal Empire How did the Mughal Empire trade with European nations?
Established coastal ports on the Indian sub-continent
What did southern India trade?
Silks, spices, and gems

13. China Creation of foreign enclaves to control trade
Imperial policy of controlling foreign influences and trade
Increase in European demand for Chinese goods (tea, porcelain)

14. Japan
Characterized by a powerless emperor controlled by a military leader (shogun)
Adopted policy of isolation to limit foreign influences

15. China and Japan
How did the Chinese and Japanese attempt to limit the influence of European merchants?
China created foreign enclaves (areas where foreigners were allowed) to control trade. The Japanese adopted a policy of isolationism. The emperor was powerless and controlled by a shogun.

16. Both Japan and China decided to limit trade with Europe during much of the 16th and17th centuries because the Japanese and the Chinese
Had few products to sell to the Europeans
Held religious beliefs that prohibited contact with foreigners
Thought European technology would hinder any effort to modernize
Believed they would receive no benefit from increased contact with the Europeans
Answer is D.

17. Africa African exports – (sent out of country)
Slaves (triangular trade)
Raw materials (ivory, gold)
African imports – (brought into country)
Manufactured goods from Europe, Asia, and the Americas
New food products (corn, peanuts)

18. Africa
The exportation of slaves and demand for imported goods began to alter traditional economic patterns in Africa.

19. Mercantilism and Commercial Revolution
Mercantilism: An economic practice adopted by European colonial powers in an effort to become self-sufficient; based on the theory that colonies existed for the benefit of the mother country.

20. Commercial Revolution
European maritime nations competed for overseas markets, colonies, and resources.
A new economic system emerged:
New money and banking systems were created.
Economic practices such as mercantilism evolved.
Colonial economies were limited by the economic needs of the mother country.

21. World Trade
Throughout history, trade has played an important role in establishing economic development and success. Listed below are elements of trade.
Products or resources sold to other countries are called exports.
Products or resources that come into a country are called imports.
A country may choose to focus on producing only one or two products or resources; this is called specialization.

22. Government and Economics
In order to fund public services, governments have to tax their people. Throughout history, taxation has been used to fund a number of projects, such as the Great Pyramids, the Great Wall of China, and waterworks in Rome. Taxes were not always paid by using currency. In ancient Egypt, farmers paid taxes by giving grain, among other farm products, to the pharaoh. The pharaoh would then store the grain for the empire to use at other times. Over time, currency evolved as a form of payment for goods or services.

23. Economic Systems
Traditional economy: Goods and services traded; money rarely exchanged.
Command or Planned economy: Production of goods and services is decided by central government, which owns most resources and businesses.
Market economy: production of goods and services is determined by supply and demand.
Mixed economy: A blend of command and market economies.