1. Fire Basics Mr. McNiff CHS Forensics

2. The Combustion Reaction Combustion is a rapid oxidation reaction The combination of fuel and oxygen to form carbon dioxide, water, and heat

3. The Combustion Reaction Chemical reactions that give off heat are called exothermic reactions Incomplete combustion reactions produce poisonous carbon monoxide

4. Necessary Components for Combustion Combustion requires a number of components as shown by the fire triangle, tetrahedron, and pentagon

5. Necessary Components for Combustion The fire triangle shows the essential components as: fuel, oxygen, & heat The fire tetrahedron adds free radical reactions (chain reaction) The fire pentagon adds an ignition source

6. The Combustion Reaction There are two ways to interrupt a combustion reaction: Adding water to absorb heat Adding fire retardants to interrupt the chain reaction process.

8. Nature of Fuels Common fuels can be classified as solids, liquids or gases Gases – fuels include hydrogen gas, natural gas, methane, and propane Liquids – fuels include gasoline, fuel oil, kerosene, and ethanol Solids – fuels include wood, coal, charcoal

9. Characteristics of Fuels Flash point– is the lowest temperature at which a liquid produces enough vapor to be ignited by a small flame

11. Characteristics of Fuels Fire point (self- ignition temperature) is the temperature at which there is enough heat to cause combustion even in the absence of a source of ignition

12. Characteristics of Fuels Flammable Range– is a measure of the percentage of fuel that, when mixed with air, is needed to sustain combustion

14. Refrences Power points Mike Stevens UTS Science Greg Backes Morning Star Peter Bilous Eastern Washington University Dr. Stephen Owen Radford University John Sterwood MSU Bozemen David L. von Minden UCO Chemistry Department

15. Pictureshttp://www.crazykens.com/pictures/Animations.htm https://reich-chemistry.wikispaces.com/Combustion- +keedy+mccormack http://www.squidoo.com/copoisoninghttp://www.callahanonline.com/calani.htmlhttp://www.ltfexperts.com/sportsrec.htm http://www.livingstonco.ky.gov/gallery/House_Fire_227 7/House_Fire_2277_009 http://www.norcalblogs.com/sustainable/other/http://zebu.uoregon.edu/2001/ph162/l10h.htmlhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/toualee/3457767266/ http://climateprogress.org/2008/04/16/methane- hydrates-whats-the-worst-and-best-that-could- happen/ http://www.energeticforum.com/renewable- energy/5247-ionization-water-fuel-13.html