1. ROMANTICISM AND REALISM
Section 19-4
ROMANTICISM AND REALISM
Romantism was a reaction to the enlightenment and industrial revolution. They believed that emotion, rather than reason should guide them. by the 19th century realism step onto the scene and focused on everyday people and the everyday world

2. A. Romanticism
A new intellectual movement called romanticism emerged as a reaction to the ideas of the Enlightenment. Romantics emphasized feelings, emotion and imagination as sources of knowing. Believed that emotion and sentiment were only understandable to the person experiencing them. Also valued individualism. Had a passionate interest in the past ages.
Enlightenment had stressed reason as the true means of discovering truth ( feeling, emotion, imagination source of knowing) only understandable to the person experiencing them. Often characters are described as misunderstood and rejected by society but finding value in their own worth through inner feelings. They valued the individual they rebelled against the norm –men long hair women outrageous clothing to show individuality. They focused on the medeval era and felt their was mystery and interest in the sould which the industrial age did not have.

3. Romanticism 1. Romanticism in Art and Music
Artists shared the idea that all art was a reflection of the artists inner feelings and they abandoned classical reason for warmth and emotion. Music brought us Ludwig van Beethoven. He thought of himself as an artist, not a craftsman.
Art should reflect the inner feeling of the artist and show the world as the artist imagines it.
Eugene Delacroix exotic and passion for color “ painting should be a feast to the eye. Scenes of uprising against tyrants and animals of Africa which he had traveled to.
Beethoven was the bridge btw classical and romantic- his music expressed his feelings and was composed of powerful melodies and dramatic intensity.

4. Romanticism 2. Literature
Were deeply affected by romanticism. Writers chose medieval subjects and created stories that expressed their strong nationalism. Gothic literature like Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein and Edgar Allan Poe. For true romantics poetry was the ideal art form. Was the direct expression of the soul. Many romantics were convinced that industrialization would cause people to become alienated from their inner selves and from the natural world.
Gothic literature focused on the unfamiliar- Frankenstein. They sought to explore their dreams and alter the state of consciousness.
thought nature was a form in which humans could look and find themselves. They feared the study of nature would reduce it to a cold study instead of a place of serenity and ideal beauty. They feared this is what the industrial revolution would cause a loss of self.

5. B. New Age of Science
Scientific Revolution had created a modern, rational approach to the study of the natural world. With the Industrial Revolution came a heightened interest in scientific research. Science came to have a greater and greater impact on people.

6. New Age of Science 1. New Discoveries
Biology – Louis Pasteur proposed the germ theory of disease. In Great Britain, Michael Faraday put together a primitive generator that laid the foundation for the use of electric current. Europeans had a growing faith in science. Led to an age of secularization, indifference to or rejection of religion in the affairs of the world.
To many people truth would be found in science and the concrete existence of humans.
Charles Darwin is a great example in how science played a role in the views of how the world developed. He argued that organic evolution was the development of a plant or species over a long period of time. This was controlled by natural selection where there is more of a species than need and only the strongest survive and their traits are passed on. This theory will be applied to society and why some are more successful than others. he was critisized for leacing god out of the idea of creation and that humans were animals an not unique.

7. C. Realism
1. Literature
Wanted to write about ordinary characters from life. Preferred novels to poetry. Charles Dickens became a huge success with novels that showed the realities of life for the poor in the early Industrial Age. Wrote Oliver Twist and David Copperfield.
Realism is that the world should be viewed as it is based on the scientific outlook of life.
They focused on the social issues of the day and did not give them much emotion.

8. Realism
2. In Art
Sought to show the everyday life of ordinary people and the world of nature with photographic realism. Gustav Courbet was the main realist school artist. To him no subject was too ordinary, too harsh or too ugly.
They sought to show the world how it really was like a photograph. They had never seen goddesses or angels so they were not interested in painting – Courbet
Those who did not like the truth of such paintings called them ugly and scanalous.

9. 19-4 Review
The realist novels of Flaubert and Dickens did what to aspects of 19th century life?
Criticized
What do the writers Walter Scott, Mary Shelley, Edgar Allan Poe, and William Wordsworth have in common?
They were all romantic writers
Through music, literature, and painting, the romantic artists attempted to do what?
Stir emotions

10. 19-4 Review Romantic painters aimed to mirror what?
The artist’s imagination
Louis Pasteur proposed what?
The germ theory of disease
Theory that life forms develop from simpler forms
Organic evolution
Emphasis on using feelings and emotions over reason
Romanticism

11. 19-4 Review Indifference to religion Secularization
Literary movement that stressed ordinary characters and precise description
Realism
Theory that some organisms are more adaptable
Natural selection