1. By: Scott Karas

2.  Dental Caries  Key Enzymes/Antibodies  Experiment Overview  Methods  Results  Discussion  Potential Uses

3.  What are they? ◦ Cavities  How are they formed? ◦ Streptococci mutans  How to prevent them? ◦ Brush your teeth ◦ Vaccine?

4.  GTF- Glucosiltransferase  GbpB- Glucan binding protein B  CAT- Catalytic Domain ◦ GTF epitope  GLU- Glucan binding domain  SYI- peptide complex ◦ GbpB epitope  WIS-Water insoluble glucan

5.  Purpose of this experiment  Bacteria used ◦ Streptococci mutans ◦ Streptococci sobrinus  Synthetic peptides  Three experiments ◦ 24-37 day old rats  Measured the levels of antibodies  Measured dental caries

6.  Peptides ◦ Three monoepitopic ◦ Two diepitopic  Proteins ◦ GbpB from S. mutans ◦ GTP from S. sobrinus  ELISA ◦ Measured IgA and IgG antibody levels

7.  Experiment 1 ◦ 40 female rats ◦ 6 groups of 7 ◦ Injected subconsciously  Experiment 2- S. mutans ◦ 48 female rats ◦ 4 groups of 12 in a cage ◦ Injected subconsciously ◦ Asphyxiated  Cleaned with beetles and ethanol

8.  Experiment 3- S. sobrinus ◦ Identical to Experiment 2 ◦ Streptomycin-resistant S. sobrinus  Bacterial Recovery ◦ ELISA ◦ Cotton swab  Carie assessment

15.  SYI-CAT induced response  Diepitopic peptides more effective  Dental caries on molars

16.  Human Trials ◦ Put in cows milk or eggs  Treatment for children or infants ◦ “Window of Infectivity”  Treat young mothers ◦ Breast feeding

17.  Dental Caries  Methods  Results  Potential Uses

18.  Dental Caries  Key Enzymes/Antibodies  Experiment Overview  Methods  Results  Discussion  Potential Uses

19.  Smith, Daniel J., William F. King, Joy Rivero, and Martin A. Taubman. "Immunological and Protective Effects of Diepitopic Subunit Dental Caries Vaccines." Infection and Immunity 73.5 (2005): 2797-804. Print.  Russell, Michael W., Noel K. Childers, Suzanne M. Michalek, Daniel J. Smith, and Martin A. Taubman. "A Caries Vaccine?" ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Source 38.3 (2004): 230-35. Print.