1. Introduction to Derivatives and Risk Management
Speculative Markets

2. Outline Meaning of Speculative Markets Meaning of Derivatives
Meaning of Financial Engineering
Types of Derivatives
Role of Derivatives
Sequence of this course

3. Speculative Markets
A market that deals in derivative securities such as options, futures, swaps, and variants of these products
Why speculative markets?
To deal with financial risk management
What are derivatives?
A financial instrument that derives its value from the underlying asset on which it is written

4. Derivatives are the result of financial engineering
What is financial engineering?

5. Meaning of Financial Engineering
The design, development, and the implementation of innovative financial instruments and processes, and the formulation of creative solutions to problems in finance
Objective is to provide custom-designed solutions to problems that firms face in the area of financial risk management. Firms’ exposure to financial risk management include interest rate risk, currency risk, commodity price risk, security price risk, and so on.
Financial engineering is the means to implement financial innovation

6. What is financial innovation?
Include not only the creation of new types of securities, but also the development of and evolution of new financial organizations
Financial engineering embodies many of the skills, techniques, and processes that produce both new securities and new financial organizations.
It is the application of advances in related technologies that permit the diagnosis, analysis, design, production, pricing, and customization of solutions to problems in finance

7. Why Financial Innovation?
Revolutionary changes in the international financial system
Round the clock trading Tokyo-London-New York
Financial futures, swaps, mortgage-backed securities, exchange traded options
Junk bonds
Shelf registration, electronic funds transfer and security trading, NOW accounts, asset-based financing, LBO, etc.
Proliferation of organized trading markets in both equity and fixed-income derivative securities during the past two decades is unprecedented

8. What does financial innovation do for the markets and participants?
Meet demands for “completing market” with expanded for
risk-sharing
risk-pooling,
hedging, and
intertemporal or spatial transfer of resources that are not already available
Lower transaction costs/increase liquidity
Reduce agency costs caused by asymmetric information
Price Discovery
Greater Market Efficiency

9. Course Sequence Option Markets Futures Markets
Structure
Principles
Pricing
Strategies—basic and advanced
Futures Markets
Strategies
Swaps and Other Exotic Instruments