1. How the bones stay connected! Joints, Tendons, Ligaments and Cartilage

2. What would happen if our bones were not connected?

3. Fortunately they are connected and protected! Joints Ligaments Tendons Cartilage

4. Joints – the junction of two bones that permits movement There are 5 major categories of joints Fixed Hinge Gliding Ball and Socket Pivot/facet

5. Fixed – Immoveable - Fibrous Fixed joint an oxymoron very very limited movement Found in the skull and parts of the pelvis

6. Baby’s Skull

7. Hinge Joints Allows movement in one direction – back and forth or flex and extend Examples: elbows, knees, fingers, toes

8. Gliding Joints Most often a sideways movement Bones slide past each other Examples: the carpals and metacarpals of the wrist and hand

9. Ball and socket joints – rotational motion. Can rotate 360 o

10. Pivot Joint Twisting motion The knee and elbow have a partial pivot motion

11. Facet Joints Found between the vertebrae

12. http://www.jeffsims.net/flash/skeleto n.html

13. Ligaments – connect bone to bone Bands of connective tissue that hold bones together

14. Tendons – connect muscle to bone

15. Cartilage – cushions between bones Flexible, soft and strong connective tissue Helps prevent rubbing and friction between bones All bones start as cartilage