1. BSRT Optics Design BI Days 24 th November 2011 Aurélie Rabiller BE-BI-PM

2. Summary BSRT Overview  Light sources, optics Present system: spherical mirrors  Advantages  Limitations and encountered problems New system under study: lenses  Advantages  Limitations  Abort gap monitor line modification 2BI Days 2011 - BSRT Optics Design

3. BSRT Layout BSRT: Beam Synchrotron Radiation Telescope Beam transverse profile monitoring with synchrotron light Optical line shared with:  Abort gap monitor  Longitudinal density monitor 3BI Days 2011 - BSRT Optics Design Slow camera (BSRTS) Fast camera (BSRTF) Abort Gap Monitor (AGM) Long. Density Monitor (LDM) Optical delay line Neutral filters Color filters Proton/Ion beam 90 % 10 % 60 % 40 % 10 % 90 % Motorized mirror Extraction mirror Two systems in LHC One system in lab Two systems in LHC One system in lab

4. Synchrotron light sources Light sources: Dipole (edge to center): Visible light from 1.3 to 7 TeV Undulator especially design to create visible light from 450 GeV to 1.3 TeV Undulator Dipole D3 Extraction mirror in beam pipe Syncro light from und. Syncro light from dipole Proton/ion beam 0m 0.7m 1.6m 6.3m 27.6m 4BI Days 2011 - BSRT Optics Design

5. Imaging system first focusing element: f= 4 - 5m  inverted intermediate image with mag = 0.15 - 0.2 second focusing element: f= 0.3 - 0.8m  final image with mag = 0.3 - 0.6 5BI Days 2011 - BSRT Optics Design 28-32m 4-5m 0.5-1m 1-2m Object Intermediate image Final image The system is limited by diffraction: the smaller the wavelength, the smaller the aberration => use of bandpass filters

6. Some pictures 6BI Days 2011 - BSRT Optics Design

7. Present design: spherical mirrors 1.Motorized 8 mirrors “trombone” to follow light source 2.Spherical mirror f=4000mm (F1) 3.Spherical mirror f=750mm (F2) 4.Cameras Total magnification: 0.3 (0.14 @ intermediate image plane) F1 F2 Entrance mirror 90%R Window 7BI Days 2011 - BSRT Optics Design 1234

8. Present design: Advantages No chromatic aberrations PSF ≈ 18um for all wavelength’s 8BI Days 2011 - BSRT Optics Design Object Plane Image Plane 350nm: PSF = 18um 450nm: PSF = 18um 550nm: PSF = 18um 600nm: PSF = 18um 1mm Image of 1mm grid object 100 um

9. Present design: Limitations Aperture: only 26% efficiency @ 450GeV for one pass trombone, even less with two pass trombone Alignment of the trombone really difficult and needs frequent retuning => efficiency is even more reduced Transmission: 8 mirrors trombone = 30% intensity loss (even more @ 400nm) 9BI Days 2011 - BSRT Optics Design Less light collected => larger bandpass filter => bigger aberration due to diffraction Less light collected => larger bandpass filter => bigger aberration due to diffraction

10. Present design: Limitations Design in reflection  small angles in X plane, back and forth optical path’s really close to each other  Tight space for inserting elements without intercepting the light Abort Gap coupled to BSRT  steering done with the 1 st mirror, in common with BSRT 10BI Days 2011 - BSRT Optics Design

11. Present design: Limitations Emittance measurement: At present,  PSF is more than 300um and not constant Possible causes:  Diffraction  Vibrations  Alignment changes 11BI Days 2011 - BSRT Optics Design Idea: Simplify the optical system :  More reliable alignment  Reduce vibration Idea: Simplify the optical system :  More reliable alignment  Reduce vibration

12. New design: Lenses 1.Lens optimized between 350 and 600nm, f=5000mm (L1) 2.2 fold mirrors 3.Optimized lens f=300mm (L2) on motorized TS to follow light source 4.Camera Total magnification: 0.6 (0.21 @ intermediate image plane) Separate line for abort gap monitor by adding splitter before 1 st mirror 12BI Days 2011 - BSRT Optics Design 1234

13. New design: Advantages No more trombone: only 2 mirrors in the system instead of 8 => intensity loss ≈ 10% Aperture increased: 1 st lens closer to entrance mirror => efficiency @ 450 GeV ≈ 42% Much easier alignment No more small angles in X plane due to reflection: more room for inserting elements Abort gap monitor decoupled: in view of future interlock system 13BI Days 2011 - BSRT Optics Design

14. New design: Limitations Chromatic aberrations: lenses for 350 to 600nm region, but not as good as spherical mirrors, PSF ≈30um 14BI Days 2011 - BSRT Optics Design 350nm: PSF = 25um 450nm: PSF = 13um 550nm: PSF = 25um 600nm: PSF = 57um Image of 1mm grid object 1mm 100 um

15. New Design for Abort Gap Beam splitter T=92% above entrance mirror F=2000mm plano-convex lens 2 fold mirrors (one motorized) Camera to check beam presence and alignment 15BI Days 2011 - BSRT Optics Design

16. Lab and tunnel test plan BSRT:  Test in lab to validate the system as completely as possible  Magnification, aberrations, transmission, alignment procedure... Abort Gap Monitor:  Test in lab (mostly alignment procedure)  Installation in the tunnel on one side during the shutdown  In addition to the present system 16BI Days 2011 - BSRT Optics Design

17. spare

18. BSRT in LHC 18BI Days 2011 - BSRT Optics Design D3 Dipole Sync. Rad. Monitors SC Undulator