1. Special Thanks to Mrs. Elena Shurdom, AHSD, for Developing this Powerpoint.

2. Language Teaching Theories According to Carrigan (2009) Theories Accuracy vs. Fluency Task-Based Teaching Using Authentic Materials Language In Before Language out

3. Accuracy vs. Fluency Communication-based classrooms Developing linguistic spontaneity Accuracy according to the level of achievement and not necessarily accuracy of native-speaker fluency. (Carrigan, 2009)

4. Task-Based Teaching Accomplishing learner goals based on student needs and interests. Assigning a task with easy-to-follow guidelines The focus is on the communication of ideas, thoughts, and opinions. (Carrigan, 2009)

5. Using Authentic Materials Authentic materials preserve the reality of native language in its natural context. Focus on meaning. Connecting materials and activities with the real world. (Carrigan, 2009)

6. Language In Before Language Out According to Carrigan (2009) Listening Skills Before Reading Reading Skills Before Writing Writing Skills Before Speaking

7. Language Games, Songs and Poems. Scientifically-based research suggests that ELLs respond well to meaningful activities such as language games and word walls, especially when the activities are consistent and focus on particular sounds and letters. Songs and poems, with their rhythm and repetition, are easily memorized and can be used to teach phonemic awareness and print concepts to ELLs (Hiebert, et al., 1998). Click on the picture for games, songs and poems

8. Children’s songs Click on the picture below to find songs in alphabetical order. If you are not sure of the song title, but know some of the lyrics, you can type what you know in the search box. Printable versions for some songs are available.

9. Alphabet Matching Very young learners are developing their understanding of the alphabetic principle — the understanding that there are systematic and predictable relationships between written letters and spoken sounds. You can help develop this understanding through lots of fun activities that help students explore the alphabet letters and sounds. Click on the image to learn more

10. Blending and Segmenting Games Children who can segment and blend sounds easily are able to use this knowledge when reading and spelling. Segmenting and blending individual sounds can be difficult at the beginning. Once familiar with that, students will be prepared for instruction and practice with individual sounds. For more information click on the picture

11. Dave’s ESL Cafe The Internet’s Meeting place for ESL + EFL teachers and students from around the world. Click on the picture to learn more