1. Pascal’s Principle

2. Concept 1: Pressure increases with depth of fluid

3. Pascal’s Principle Pressure applied to an enclosed liquid is transmitted equally to every part of the liquid and to the walls of the container The liquid must be incompressible

4. Pascal's Principle at work

5. Hydraulic Press

7. Let's see how this works

8. Similarities to a Lever A small force applied over a large distance can move a heavy object (with a large force), a small distance In a lever, a bar and fulcrum handles the force-distance exchange In a hydraulic system, the fluid does the force-distance exchange

9. Mechanical Advantage Mech. Adv =

10. Example: Two pistons are attached together. One piston has an area of 40cm 2. The second piston has an area of 100cm 2. If you place a force of 10N on the small piston, what force is produced on the large piston? Ans: F L =25N

12. Applications Car Braking System

13. EX: Car Braking System You apply 65N of force to the brake pedal Brake pedal lever has a mechanical advantage of 4:1 Master cylinder piston has an area of 3.87x10 -4 m 2 Wheel cylinder Area of brake piston is 9.65x10 -4 m 2 Two cylinders per wheel applies twice the force on each wheel Calculate force applied on all wheels

14. Work Pg 249 # 1,3,4 Read Pg 250-251 & answer Q # 6,7