1. World Geography
Unit 1

2. What is Geography?
The study of the distribution and interaction of physical and human features on the earth.

3. Geography Today Satellites
Landsat – series of satellites that orbit more than 100 miles above the earth. Picks up data as it orbits the earth.

4. GIS Geographic Information Systems-
Database of geographic information used to solve problems.
Includes satellite images
GPS?

6. How do you make maps?
Cartographer- Mapmaker
Surveying- Field Survey

7. Maps & Globes
Globe – Is the three-dimensional representation of the earth
Maps – Are two-dimensional representations of selected parts of the earth’s surface.
Map Projection – is a way of drawing the earth’s surface that reduces distortion caused by representing a round earth on a flat paper.

9. Scale
Large Scale - used when maps show a smaller area but with more detail.

10. Small Scale – Used to show large areas but without much detail.

11. Reading Maps Compass Rose?
Legend – lists and explains the use of color on the map.
Lines of latitude tell the distance north and south of the Equator.
Lines of longitude tell distance east and west of the Prime Meridian.
Scale - ratio between a unit of length on the map and a unit of distance on the earth.

12. Special Lines of latitude
0 degrees – Equator
23 ½ degrees north – Tropic of Cancer
23 ½ degrees south – Tropic of Capricorn
66 ½ degrees north – Arctic Circle
66 ½ degrees south – Antarctic Circle

13. Lines of Longitude Prime Meridian – 0 degrees
Often called the international date line on the other side of the world
Every 15 ˚ east or west is equal to 1 hour.

14. Location…Location…Location
Absolute location – the exact place on earth where a geographic feature is. (Latitude, Longitude)
Example – City.
Relative location – describes a place in comparison to other places around it.

15. Practice finding locations!!!!

16. Mental Maps
A Mental Map is a map that is in your mind.

17. Map Distortion
Any time you stretch a round surface into a flat one the picture on it will become Distorted!!!!!
2 volunteers!

18. Useful as marine navigation charts.
Distorted at the poles and somewhat compressed near the equator.
Useful as marine navigation charts.

19. Is the projection most commonly used in text books!!!

20. Polar Projection Shows exactly ½ of the Earth
Helpful for Airplane pilots.

21. Using Different Types of Maps
Physical Maps - help you see the types of landforms and bodies of water found in a specific area.
Political Maps - show features on the earth surface that humans created (cities, states, provinces, territories, or countries).
When would you need each type of map?

22. Thematic maps
All of these maps focus on specific types of information!!
Climate
Vegetation
Natural Resources
Population density and distribution
Economic activities
Language
Ethnicity
Precipitation

23. Population Distribution and Density: Density - How many people per sq
Population Distribution and Density: Density - How many people per sq. mi. or km. Distribution - Pattern of where people live

24. Economic Activity: shows what people do for a living

25. Resource: Shows Natural Resources

26. Language: Tells where in the world languages are spoken.

27. Ethnicity: Shows where in the world different races or ethnicities are located.

28. Climate: Will tell how what the weather is like over a period of time in a certain area.

29. Precipitation: Shows how much precipitation falls in the mapped area.

30. Vegetation: Shows types of vegetation……ex Trees.

31. Qualitative Maps
Qualitative Maps – use colors, symbols, dots, or lines to help you see patterns related to a specific idea.

32. Cartograms
Each country is drawn in proportion to the data rather than land size

33. Flow-Line Maps
Illustrate movement of people, goods, ideas, animals, or even glaciers.
Usually over a set period of time

34. Reasons Why maps change
Knowledge:
Map of Columbus’ time

35. Satellite Images

37. Place Names:
Formosa, Taiwan, Republic of China

38. Palestine, Israel, West Bank, Gaza, Occupied Territories.

39. Boundaries:
Africa – 1914 , 1990’s
European colonial rule

40. Europe Before WWII Europe After WWII

41. Russia and the former Soviet Union

42. Middle East – Before 1948; after 1967

43. Perspectives of place names:
Arabian Gulf vs. Persian Gulf

44. Sea of Japan vs. East Sea

45. Middle East vs. North Africa and Southwest Asia

46. Disputed Areas:
Korea

47. Western Sahara

48. Former Yugoslavia

49. Kashmir – Pakistan: Muslim India: Hindu