2. April 12, 1861 South Carolina First Battle of the Civil War Lincoln refused to surrender the fort; ordered a resupply expedition; shots were fired. No casualties of battle Confederate Win

3. July 21, 1861 Virginia First Battle of Bull Run First major land battle “Stonewall” Jackson helped force Union army to retreat

4. September 17, 1862 Maryland Bloodiest day of the Civil War – 12 hours Ended in a stalemate About 23,000 casualties Psychological turning point

5. January 1, 1863 Texas Confederates attack Union ships – Confederate win Hold onto port for the remainder of the war

6. May 18 – July 4, 1863 Mississippi Town set high over Mississippi River Grant – surprise attack Push Confederates to surrender Union Victory – now in control of river

7. July 1-3, 1863 Pennsylvania Pickett’s charge – Confederate infantry assault Turning point of war Union Victory – 51,000 casualties

9. Sept 8, 1863 Texas 44 Confederate soldiers Confederate soldiers fire on and take Union gunboat – 200 prisoners Inspirational Confederate win

10. April 9, 1865 Virginia Lee surrenders to Grant

12. May 13, 1865 Last Battle