1. Immigration in Canada

2. A little History 1840s: arrival of thousands of Irish settlers: Irish potato crop fails. 1905: Massive immigration to Canadian West from Eastern Europe: Canadian government offered free land and other incentives 1956: many Hungarians come to Canada: Hungarian revolt against the Russians fails; many come to avoid punishment. 1980s -1997: Arrival of thousands of Hong Kong Chinese. Immigrants are looking for political stability before China takes control of Hong Kong in 1997

3. Why people become immigrants Why leave Canada? Push Factors: Parent lost a job and can’t find another The taxes are too high Might be completely fed up with Canadian winters Pull Factors Good job opportunities and low taxes Milder winters Proximity to close friends and relatives

4. Where do immigrants live in Canada In 2001, 16% of Canadian residents were born in other countries but remarkably, 94% of these people lived in just 4 provinces: Ontario, BC, Quebec and Alberta.

5. How someone becomes an immigrant Intervening obstacles: factors that discourage (or stop) a person from immigrating. When someone immigrates to Canada, they become a landed immigrant. Canada accepts 3 types of immigrants:

6. 3 Types of Immigrants in Canada Independent Immigrants Skilled workers must receive 70 points on the immigration test business immigrants: must establish a business, buy a business or make a significant investment. They must score only 25 points on the test Family Immigrants Allows Canadian residents to reunite their families. Every family sponsor agrees to provide housing and other needs for 10 years. In extreme cases the sponsor might have to sell their house to meet this obligation. Refugees Someone who fears persecution (or even death) in their country. The persecution must arise for reasons of race, religion, nationality, political opinion, or membership of a social group. Canada has received an award from the United Nations for its openness to accepting refugees.

7. FactorPointsConditions EducationUp to 16 Based on numbers of years of Education Specific job trainingUp to 18 Based on number of years of training Job experienceUp to 8 No experience means automatic refusal OccupationUp to 10 Based on demand for skills in Canada Job offerUp to 10 Points given if the potential immigrant has a job waiting Demographic factorUp to 8 In times of high unemployment, the government will award fewer points here AgeUp to 10 Those aged 21 to 44 get 10 points. Two points are deducted for each year over or under Knowledge of English or FrenchUp to 15 Personal SuitabilityUp to 10 Points awarded as a result of an interview with an immigration official Bonus for assistance from close relatives 5Points given if the potential immigrant has a close relative who will help with the move to Canada