1. Preventing Infectious Disease
Lesson 3-2

2. Objectives
TSW summarize direct and indirect ways common infectious diseases can be transmitted.
TSW describe how common food-borne diseases are transmitted.
TSW explain the relationship between injection drug use and transmission of blood-borne diseases such as HIV and hepatitis.
TSW summarize ways to prevent the spread of infectious diseases.

3. Health Terms Airborne Hepatitis Norovirus Bacteria
HIV (human immunodiciency virus)
Parasite
Blood Borne
Pathogen
Host
Direct Contact
Protozoa
Immune System
Disease
Sterilize
Immunization
Feces
Vaccine
Indirect Contact
Food Borne
Virus
Infectious Disease
Fungi
Noninfectious Disease
Germ

4. Intro
Write a few sentences about how being ill could affect a person’s quality of life. How does a temporary sickness or infection, such as a cold or the flue, affect quality of life? What about a more serious or longer-lasting illness?
How many of you have ever been sick with a cold, the flu or some other illness? How did you know you were ill? How did your body feel?

5. Teaching Steps
Survey
What’s the meaning of disease? Where do you think the meaning of this word comes from?
Explain
Disease means “not at ease”
Refers to any destructive process that can affect a living organism
Often used to describe an illness or infection that disrupts the function of or causes harm to the body
* Video *

6. Teaching Steps Survey Chicken Pox
What are some illnesses or diseases you’ve heard of?
Measles
Cold
Examples:
Shingles
Ebola
Flu
Lou G Disease
Bubonic Plague
Ringworms
Cancer
HIV/AIDS
H1N1
STDs
Bird Flu
Malaria
Swine Flu
Small Pox

7. Teaching Steps Explain
Experts try to identify how people get the diseases
Some catch them from other people, from things in the environment and some of them are not

9. Teaching Steps Explain
Infectious Diseases – can be passed by contact with pathogen (germs) or organisms that cause disease
The infected person causes an infection that causes the pathogens to multiply and damage body cells
Pathogens are cause disease include bacteria, viruses, protozoa, fungi or parasites
* Video *

10. single celled organism; can be killed with antibiotics*
Pathogen #1:
Bacteria
single celled organism; can be killed with antibiotics*
antibiotics are used to slow or kill the growth of bacteria. You must take all of the prescribed medicine or it can come back!
**Video on top right

11. What are some of the more common bacterial infections?

12. Causes severe muscle spasms
Tetanus
Causes severe muscle spasms

13. sore throat, fever, yellow or white specks on the throat
Easy to
relapse!

14. headache, thick mucous, feeling pressure in your head
Sinus Infection
headache, thick mucous, feeling pressure in your head

15. Inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord
Bacterial Meningitis
Could be
FATAL!

16. Salmonellas affects the digestive system, usually spread by
contaminated food

17. Pathogen #2:
Virus
Tiny pathogens that survive and replicate only inside living cells; can’t be killed by medication
**Video
Any medication taken is to treat the symptoms; viruses cannot be cured, they have to run their course.

18. scratchy sore throat, sneezing, runny nose
Common Cold
scratchy sore throat, sneezing, runny nose

19. FLU
headache, sore muscles, sore throat, fever, vomiting, fatigue and coughing

20. pain and swelling of glands in the throat, possible rash
MUMPS
pain and swelling of glands in the throat, possible rash

21. MEASLES
fatigue, runny nose, cough, slight fever, small white dots in the mouth, rash covering the body

22. inflammation of the liver, jaundice, fever, dark urine
Hepatitis
inflammation of the liver, jaundice, fever, dark urine

23. Fungus Pathogen #3: organisms that absorb and use the
nutrients of living or dead organisms *
Usually treated with an
over-the-counter
anti-fungal cream

24. Pathogen #4:
Protozoa
single celled; larger than bacteria (Malaria: Spread by mosquito bites*)
**Video
Good hygiene is the best preventative measure;
other medications require prescription

25. Feed off of other living things (Lice, ticks)*
Pathogen #5:
Parasites
Feed off of other living things (Lice, ticks)*
**Video
prevention best, (don’t share brushes, use medicated shampoo, wear protective clothing in wooded areas, etc…

26. Teaching Steps
Direct Contact – the pathogen is transmitted by person-to-person contact
It can be transmitted by touching the infected person’s skin or when the infected blood, mucus or other body fluids get inside another person’s body
Indirect Contact – the infected person’s skin or body fluids don’t directly touch or enter the other person through human-to-human contact.
Examples – contaminating surfaces, coughs or sneezing without covering nose, pass on from infected animal, eating or drinking contaminated food or water, using infected needles
Review
Which of the illnesses and diseases you named earlier are infectious?
Can you think of any other infectious diseases that weren’t named earlier?

27. Teaching Steps
Review
Is this disease transmitted by direct or indirect contact?
What are the specific ways it can be transmitted? Is it passed through the air? Through food? Through contact with blood?
Cold or Flu
Can be either direct (touching/kissing) or indirect (breathing airborne particles, touching contaminated surfaces)
Food Poisoning
Transmitted through contaminated food or water
Can be either direct (if spoiled/undercooked) or indirect (unclean hands/dirty cooking utensils)

28. Teaching Steps Hepatitis A virus that infects and can damage the liver
Hepatitis A – transmitted indirectly when contaminated feces get into water or food, usually from not washing hands before cooking or water comes in contact with contaminated water
Hepatitis B or C – transmitted by blood, direct – by touching infected blood, indirectly – using contaminated needles
Hepatitis B – also can be transmitted directly by semen or vaginal fluids
HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)
A virus that causes AIDS
Directly – infected semen, vaginal fluids, blood (sharing needles), breastfeeding
It is safe to touch, hug, shake hands or share eating utensils with a someone with HIV

29. Teaching Steps
Create
When you know infectious disease are transmitted you can understand ways to prevent their spread.
Breaking the chain???
Think of ways of how to prevent becoming infected in the first place and then ways you could stop an infection from spreading to others
Ways to Prevent Infection:
Eliminate the source of the pathogen – throw away spoiled food
Handle and dispose of body fluids appropriately – properly clean up blood, vomit, feces
Safely handle and dispose of contaminated items – sterilize needles and other equipment
Keep food safe – cook foods correctly
Protect yourself – wash your hands frequently

30. Teaching Steps Ways to stop the Spread of Infection:
Don’t spread germs to others – don’t hug or kiss other people who are sick
Don’t spread germs to objects – wash hands frequently when sick
Don’t spread germs to food – wash your hands after using the bathroom
Keep your immune system strong – get enough rest and sleep

31. Teaching Steps
Review
These are some health habits related to preventing infectious disease. How are you doing in this area? Could you improve any of these habits
Are there other actions you could add to help prevent infectious disease?
Complete and Share
Logon to your MyBigCampus account – You have new assignment (STOP THE SPREAD)

32. Assessment and Closure
Close
What’s one behavior that you plan to do today to reduce your risk of getting an infectious disease?