1. Database development (MIS 533) MBS in Management Information Systems and Managerial Accounting Systems (2007 / 2008) Fergal Carton Business Information Systems

2. MIS533 / Database development Last week Data flow diagrams (Context level) –Cucina della Italia Normalisation (1NF and 2 NF) Process modelling –Sales order process –Purchase order process Customer requirements drive information requirements –eg. Logistics of delivery will influence what needs to be managed in a system (drivers, vans, addresses, …)

3. MIS533 / Database development This week Practical assignment for 30 th Nov. –Create a system to manage sales order processing for Cucina della Italia Building a model DFD’s Cucina della Italia DFD Manufacturing concepts and planning models

4. MIS533 / Database development Cucina della Italia A variety of fresh, healthy breads for service stations in Cork city and Munster Real Italian ingredients Savoury breads can be eaten on the move Competing with Cuisine de France on quality, short lead times and customer care

5. MIS533 / Database development Cucina della Italia Customer requirements Fast and efficient ordering process (on-line, by phone, by text, directly from driver, …) Dough delivered fresh twice daily Competitive and consistent pricing Customer service includes managing returns, equipment and stock management Flexible payment methods (CC/DC/cheque, …) 4 delivery vans and one production unit on Tramore Road in Cork

6. MIS533 / Database development Cucina della Italia: the assignment Design a system to handle sales order processing for Cucina della Italia Build the tables to manage the information flows –Including products, prices, customers, sales orders and invoices Link the tables Design forms for end-user interaction –Adding new products, deleting old ones –Changing prices and discount levels –Adding new customers, changing customer details –Creating sales orders and goods delivery notes –Creating and printing invoices –Running a sales report by customer, by product, by category

7. MIS533 / Database development Sales or purchase process A commitment by one party to another for –Products –Price, discount –Delivery date The deal confirms the above on an order Efficient communication of order to back office for execution Shipment to customer Receipt of goods, record any anomalies Invoice Paymemt Physical processes Virtual processes

8. MIS533 / Database development Information flows Purchase orders Sales orders Goods Delivery Note (& anomalies) Returns Invoice Credit note Payment

9. MIS533 / Database development Cucina della Italia Sales process Sales order processing AccountsCustomer Goods Delivery (GRN) Sales order Invoice Sales order & GRN Payment

10. MIS533 / Database development Cucina della Italia Purchase process?

11. MIS533 / Database development Cucina della Italia Purchase process ProcurementAccountsSupplier Goods Delivery (GRN) Purchase order Invoice Purchase order & GRN Payment

12. MIS533 / Database development CUSTOMER TABLE PRODUCT TABLE ITEM TABLE SALES_ORDER TABLE PRICE TABLE Oracle Demo Set - Sales Order Processing

13. MIS533 / Database development Building a model Process Flow Data Flow Diagram –Processes –Data Flow –Data store –Entities

14. MIS533 / Database development Types of logical process Logical processes can be “functions”: –A set of related and ongoing activities of the business –A function has no start and no end –It continually performs work as needed … or an “event”: –A logical unit of work that must be completed as a whole –Triggered by a discreet input and is completed when the process responds with appropriate output –Sometimes called transactions

15. MIS533 / Database development All data flows begin and/or end at a process A process is needed to exchange data flows between external entities A process is needed to update (or use) a data store X X X A process is needed to present data from a data store X A process is needed to move data from a data store to another X

16. MIS533 / Database development DFD’s: logical data flows Although data flows can be implemented in many ways : –Telephone calls –Business forms –Bar codes –Emails –Reports –Computer screens –Computer to computer communications (EDI, interface, …) … in DFD’s, we are only interested that the flow is needed, not how the flow will be implemented

17. MIS533 / Database development Process Order Data flow names should be : Singular (eg. order instead of orders) Unique –use adjectives / adverbs to describe how processing has changed a data flow Not to imply physical batches Order Approved Order X Process Order Customer

18. MIS533 / Database development Cucina della Italia Sales / Purchase DFD?

19. MIS533 / Database development Production planning Planning approaches (build to plan) –Top down quarterly plan drives both Production (units) and Sales (€) targets –Takes into account sales forecast, historical performance and market expectations –Production plan must then be broken down into units, configurations, geograpahies –Local production planners then turn this into: an MRP plan to drive purchasing and a Master production schedule to drive manufacturing

20. MIS533 / Database development Keeping tabs on Work-in-Progress (WIP) Inventory consumption –Something must trigger inventory consumption as production proceeds (BO, WO, PO, SO, …) –Visibility of inventory in Work-in-Progress (WIP) is low –You can measure output / consumption at intermediate points but beware of disrupting process

21. MIS533 / Database development Manufacturing modes and lead times Difference between process and discrete manufacturing –Process manufacturing consumes inventory at a steady rate, but yield of finished goods may vary –Discrete manufacturing consumes a predefined amount of inventory per article of finished goods Lead times: –key to replenishment policy: what’s my buffer stock? –Fiat Idea : re-uses previous model components to reduce cost & lead time