1. Appr. 550,000 Hungarian Jews were killed in the Holocaust, most were transported to Auschwitz over a 2 month period (May-July 1944), 1000s of others were killed in the last days of the War by Hungarian paramilitary as Soviet troops battled Axis troops in the City of Budapest. Laszlo Balazs’ father, stepmother, brother, all aunts->killed, Eva Rado’s father, mother killed. They married in Montreal, Canada in 1953 and had 3 children, Edward, Stephen and Thomas

3. Budapest- Belle Epoque

4. Budapest and the Jewish Population 1900 –20% Budapest Population – Jewish (only 5% of the total population of Hungary)- –By 1910 ½ of all doctors and lawyers,1/3 rd of all engineers, ¼ artists and writers in Budapest->Jewish –1912 Jewish Mayor 1940- Approx. 500k Population in Budapest, Approx 825k Hungary

5. Joseph II->emancipated, 1848- last name Breslauer, 1922->Balazs

6. 1914-1940 WWI- –Habsburg Empire Brief Communist Interlude –133 days of Communism- Bela Kun (jewish) Fascism –Resentment Treaty of Trianon –1 st Fascist State- Admiral Horthy Becoming Hungarian Land claims- Romania, Croatia (Greater Hungary) 9/1/39- Germans invade Poland- beginning WWI

7. 1941-1945 Axis- The War- 1941 Hungary joins Germany 1942 Hungary conscripts Jews labor March 1944- Nazi Occupy July 1944 – Horthy stops deportations October 1944- Arrow Cross December 1944- Russian Siege- Budapest Liberated Jan. 1945 Raoul Wallenberg- Swedish Diplomat saved 1000s including Laszlo Balazs and Eva Rado

8. Forced labor camps

9. 2002 Budapest Hungary

10. Jewish Couple Budapest

11. Arrow cross-Hungarian Nazis

12. Jewish victims of the Arrow Cross

13. Hero- Raoul Wallenberg

14. Victims of Jewish Ghetto

15. Arrivals

16. 437,402 Jews from fifty-five Hungarian localities were deported to Auschwitz in 147 trains. Most were gassed at Birkenau soon after they arrived.

17. Christmas and life at Auschwitz for the personnel

19. The railroad system was stretched to its limits to keep up with the demand of the camp, where as many as 12,000 people a day were being gassed

20. - Auschwitz->350k+ Hungarians killed, 500k deported -More Hungarians killed at Auschwitz than any other Nationality -Last Days 1000s killed daily- crematoriums no longer viable -Mass trench executionsTotal deaths  Approx. 500k of 800k Hungarian Jews

21. Deportation

22. Child Tattooed at Auschwitz

23. Barracks->Auschwitz

24. Evidence Room-Auschwitz

25. Some people later claimed the Holocaust is overstated because the crematorium couldn’t handle 12,000 a day—they’re right—the crematoriums weren’t used—the bodies were thrown in to pits and burned as a pyre Killing Fields-Auschwitz

26. Crematoriums-Auschwitz

27. Hall of lost families-Auschwitz

29. Prague Synagogue-memorial.

30. Auschwitz survivor, her two children and husband didn’t.

31. Survived 2+ years in a Soviet POW camp— upon arriving home, found out that his 2 yr old child and wife were killed at Auschwitz- he hadn’t known they were even deported

32. Legacy-Holocaust Anti-Semitism was prevalent throughout Europe –Perpetrators were not only German –Far more perpetrators than rescuers –Average people commit horrendous acts