1. Turning at Intersections
Topic 3 Lesson 1
Turning at Intersections
Right Turn
Approach to Intersection
Communication
Target Areas
Path of Travel
Line of Sight
Speed Adjustment
Lane Position
Turning Reference Point
Courtesy Considerations
Target
T – 4.18

2. Turning at Intersections
Topic 3 Lesson 1
Left Turn
Approach to Intersection
Communication
Target Areas
Path of Travel
Line of Sight
Speed Adjustment
Lane Position
Turning Reference Point
Courtesy Considerations
T – 4.19

3. Lane Changes Traffic Check Effective Communication Appropriate Gap
Topic 3 Lesson 2
Lane Changes
Traffic Check
Effective Communication
Appropriate Gap
Reduced-Risk Decision
Courtesy Considerations
Steering Input
Lane Position
Recheck Traffic
Establish Space
Visual checks for lane change to the LEFT.
check zones ahead (zones 1 and 2)
check zones to the rear (zones 4 and 6)
BLIND
SPOT
Visual checks for lane change to the RIGHT.
check zones ahead (zones 1 and 3)
check zones to the rear (zones 5 and 6)
BLIND
SPOT
T – 4.20

4. Rear-View Mirror Setting
Topic 3 Lesson 2
Rear-View Mirror Setting
Traditional and Contemporary (BGE) Mirror Setting
Rear-View Mirror
T – 4.21

5. Traditional Mirror Settings
Topic 3 Lesson 3
Traditional Mirror Settings
Right Side Mirror View
Rear Mirror View
Left Side Mirror View
T – 4.22

6. Contemporary (BGE) Mirror Settings
Topic 3 Lesson 3
Right Side Mirror View
15º
Rear Mirror View
15º
Left Side Mirror View
T – 4.23

7. Turning Around Back into driveway on right side Two-Point Turns
Topic 4 Lesson 1
Turning Around
Two-Point Turns
Approach
Communication
Target Areas
Path of Travel
Line of Sight
Reference Points
Speed Control
Lane Position
Courtesy Considerations 1
Back into driveway on right side 2
Check traffic flow.
Signal and position the vehicle 2-3 feet from curb.
Drive beyond the driveway and stop.
Shift to Reverse, monitor intended path of travel.
Back slowly, turning steering wheel rapidly to the right as you enter driveway.
Straighten wheels, centering car in driveway and stop with the wheels straight.
Signal left and exit driveway when the way is clear. 3
T – 4.24

8. Turning Around Pull into driveway on left side Two-Point Turns
Topic 4 Lesson 1
Two-Point Turns
Approach
Communication
Target Areas
Path of Travel
Line of Sight
Reference Points
Speed Control
Lane Position
Courtesy Considerations 1
Pull into driveway on left side
Check traffic flow.
Signal and position your vehicle 3-6 inches from center yellow line.
When traffic is clear, pull into the driveway and stop.
Shift to Reverse, monitor intended path.
Back slowly, turning steering wheel rapidly to the right as you exit driveway.
Straighten wheels, centering car in proper lane.
Shift into Drive. Check traffic and accelerate to normal speed. 2 3
T – 4.25

9. Turning Around
Topic 4 Lesson 1
Three-point Turn 2 4 1 3 5
Approach
Communication
Target Areas
Path of Travel
Line of Sight
References
Speed Control
Lane Position
Courtesy Considerations
NOTE: The safest way to change direction is to drive around the block!
T – 4.26

10. Angle Parking
Topic 5 Lesson 1
Parking at a 30 Degree Angle to the Curb
Signal intention and position vehicle 3-5 feet from the space in which the vehicle is to be parked.
Move forward until the steering wheel is aligned with the first pavement line.
Visually target the middle of the parking space and turn the wheel sharply at a slow, controlled speed.
Steer toward the target in the center of the space to straighten the wheels and stop when the front bumper is 3-6 inches from the curb.
T – 4.27

11. Perpendicular Parking
Topic 5 Lesson 1
Perpendicular Parking
Parking at a 90 Degree Angle to the Curb
Signal intention and position the vehicle 5 – 6 feet away from the space.
Move forward until the driver’s body is aligned with the first pavement line.
Visually target the center of the parking space and turn the wheel rapidly while controlling speed.
Steer towards the target and straighten the wheels.
Position the front bumper 3 – 6 inches from the curb.
T – 4.28

12. Parallel Parking Parking Parallel to the Curb
Topic 5 Lesson 1
Parking Parallel to the Curb
Select a space that is at least five feet longer than your vehicle. Flash your brake lights and put on your turn signal as you approach the space.
Monitor the traffic to the rear.
Place your vehicle 2 – 3 feet from the vehicle you want to park behind with back bumpers even.
Put your vehicle in Reverse. Back slowly and turn the steering wheel sharply.
Stop when your steering wheel is aligned with the back bumper of the front vehicle.
Continue backing slowly while steering sharply in the opposite direction. Use quick glances to the front and rear.
Center the vehicle in the space. Wheels should be 6 – 12 inches from the curb.
T – 4.29

13. Hill Parking
Topic 5 Lesson 1
When parking on a hill, you need to take special precautions to ensure your vehicle will not roll into the street and into traffic.
Down Hill
Up Hill + Curb
Up Hill - Curb
Approach
Communication
Target Areas
Path of Travel
Line of Sight
Speed Adjustment
Lane Position
Reference Points
Courtesy Considerations
T – 4.30

14. Processing Information
Topic 1 Lesson 1
Visibility is critical to the SEEiT Space Management System
The driver must:
SEARCH for objects or conditions;
EVALUTE the path ahead for alternate paths of travel; and
EXECUTE any needed adjustments in speed or position in Time
More detailed information on SEEiT system may be reviewed in Module 4.
T – 5.2

15. Field of Vision Area a Driver Can See While Looking Straight Ahead
Topic 1 Lesson 2
Area a Driver Can See While Looking Straight Ahead
Viewing Path of Travel
Central Vision
Focus Vision
Targeting
(Reading Signs)
Peripheral Vision
Motion & Color Changes
90 percent of driving decisions are based on information gathered with the eyes.
T – 5.3

16. Topic 1 Lesson 2
Search Practices
Where to search involves identifying objects or conditions that increase your level of risk and adjusting your speed or vehicle position in time to minimize these risks.
When to search involves systematically scanning the driving environment. The defensive driver constantly monitors the conditions around the vehicle, especially before initiating any maneuver
How to search involves looking in a pattern that goes from 20 – 30 seconds ahead of the vehicle to the dashboard, as well as to the left, right, and to the rear of the vehicle.
T – 5.4

17. Searching Looking for Clues from Other Drivers Position of Vehicle
Topic 1 Lesson 2
Looking for Clues from Other Drivers
Actions of the Driver
Distractions
Cell Phone
Passengers
Lost
Impaired
Vehicle Signals
Turning
Backing
Hazard Lights
Hand Signals
Headlights
Horn
Brake Lights
Position of Vehicle
Speed of Vehicle
T – 5.5

18. Managing Visual Searches
Topic 1 Lesson 2
20- to 30-Second Search Area
Search far ahead to identify potential conflicts
Objects in Path of Travel
Limitations to Line of Sight
Target Area
20- to 30-sec.
12- to 15-sec.
4- to 8-sec.
T – 5.6

19. Managing Visual Searches
Topic 1 Lesson 2
12- to 15-Second Search Area
Search for Closed or Changing Path of Travel
Identify an Alternate Path of Travel or a Safe Stopping Zone
Evaluate Open Zones to the Sides and Rear
12- to 15-sec.
20- to 30-sec.
4- to 8-sec.
T – 5.6a

20. Managing Visual Searches
Topic 1 Lesson 2
Managing Visual Searches
4- to 8-Second Search Area
Immediate Path of Travel
Direct Response Area
Stopping Zone and Following Interval
20- to 30-sec.
4- to 8-sec.
12- to 15-sec.
T – 5.7

21. Determining Following Intervals
Topic 1 Lesson 2
Determining Following Intervals
Two second following interval at speeds less than 35 mph
allows the driver time to steer out of problem areas on dry surfaces
designed for use if there is an alternate path of travel
Alternate Path of Travel
Four second following interval at speeds up to 65 mph
allows the driver time to steer out of problem areas on dry surfaces
allows the driver time to stop before problem areas on dry surfaces
T – 5.8

22. Visual Search Categories
Topic 1 Lesson 3
Visual Search Categories
Traffic Controls
Motor Vehicles
Non-Motorized Users
Roads
T – 5.9

23. Processing Highway Conditions
Topic 1 Lesson 3
Processing Highway Conditions
Intersections
Roadway Structure
Width
Curbing
Curves
Slopes
Highway
Conditions
Roadway Features
Shoulders
Affixed Objects
Adjacent Buildings
Roadway
Surface
Roughness
Slick
Wet Leaves
Mud
Sand
Atmosphere
Illumination
Glare
Precipitation
Wind/Noise
T – 5.10

24. Processing TRAFFIC CONTROL Devices
Topic 1 Lesson 3
Signs
Regulatory
Warning
Guide RR
Sensory Input to the Brain
Interchanges
Signals
Stop/Go
Lane Usage
Flashing
Unmarked Intersections
Roadway Markings
Passing
Traffic Flow
Crosswalks
T – 5.11

25. Motor Vehicles Type Road Handling Characteristics
Topic 1 Lesson 3
Motor Vehicles
Drivers must understand the handling characteristics of other motor vehicles sharing the roadway.
Type
Automobile
SUV
Camper
Pick-up
Motor Home
Motorcycle
Farm Machines
Tractor-Trailer
Road Handling Characteristics
T – 5.12

26. Non-Motorized Users… present special processing challenges Bicycles
Topic 1 Lesson 3
present special processing challenges
Bicycles
Animals
KIND AND SIZE
NUMBERS
AGE OF RIDER
ACTIVITY
RIDER ABILITY
In-Line Skates,
Skateboards
Pedestrians
T – 5.13

27. Positioning the Vehicle
Topic 1 Lesson 4
Vehicle Placement is Critical for Establishing a Good Visual Field
Controlling Space to the Front
Lane Position
Staggered Stops
T – 5.14

28. Maintaining Space/Visibility to the Front
Topic 1 Lesson 4
Three ways to control space in front of the vehicle:
1. Time your Arrival – adjust speed early to avoid unnecessary braking, stops, and to conserve fuel
2. Forward Placement at an Intersection – maintain a position that allows you to monitor the intersection
3. Following Interval -- control space while in motion to establish a space cushion and open line of sight
T – 5.14a

29. Lane Position
Topic 1 Lesson 4
Create Space and Improve Visibility by Adjusting the Position of the Vehicle in the Lane
Lane Positions – 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5
Within Lane Positions
Straddle Lane Positions
LP 4
LP 2
LP 1
LP 3
LP 5
T – 5.15

30. Stop your vehicle (RED car) behind the white stop bar
Topic 1 Lesson 4
Staggered Stops
Improving Visibility and Creating Space for a Truck Making a Left Turn
Stop your vehicle (RED car) behind the white stop bar
Select Lane Position 3 to give the truck as much space as possible
T – 5.16