1. LAUREN KENT ASHLEY NAVEIRA PERIOD 6 JANUARY 8, 2014 Adrenal Gland Cortex

2. Location Along the perimeter of the adrenal gland

3. Hormones Corticosteroid hormones:  Hydrocortisone: helps control the body’s use of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates  Corticosterone: Helps suppress inflammatory reactions in the body and affects the immune system Aldosterone: regulates the level of sodium and potassium and helps maintain blood pressure Androgenic steroids (androgen hormones)  Converted to female and male hormones, but are produced in larger amounts by the ovaries and testes.

4. Homeostasis Corticosteroid hormones:  Helps keep nutrients in balance and keeps the body healthy by regulating the immune system Aldosterone  Prevents hypertension Androgenic steroids (androgen hormones)  Controls the amount of reproductive hormones, to keep it in balance

5. Feedback Mechanisms Adrenal cortex is regulated by negative feedback, involving the hypothalamus and adrenocorticotropic hormone.

6. Releasing Hormones Mineralocorticoids  Aldosterone  Increased absorption of sodium  Increased excretion of potassium and hydrogen ions  Produced in the adrenocortical zona glomerulosa Glucocorticoids  Cortisol  Stimulates release of amino acids from the body  Produced in response to stress  Produced in the zona fasciculata

7. Release – Inhibiting Hormones Aldosterone  When there is too much blood in the circulatory system, the heart produces atrial natriuretic factor, which inhibits the release of this hormone.

8. Glandular Malfunction Pheochromocytoma  A tumor that can form in the adrenal gland that is caused by producing too much adrenaline. Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia  A disorder of the adrenal gland that prohibits it from producing enough cortisol Addison’s Disease  A disease in which the adrenal glands do not produce enough of many hormones

9. Medical Procedures Pheochromocytoma  Surgery to remove the gland or just the tumor or medication to stop the production of excess hormones Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia  Medication can be taken to replace the hormones that are not being produced Addison’s Disease  Take oral medication to replace the hormones that the body lacks. Additional salt may need to be added to their diet as well

10. Works Cited http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/michael.gregory/files/bio%20102/bio%20102 %20lectures/endocrine%20system/endocrin.htm http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/michael.gregory/files/bio%20102/bio%20102 %20lectures/endocrine%20system/endocrin.htm http://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/adrenalgland/conditioninfo/Pages/types.aspx http://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/adrenalgland/conditioninfo/Pages/treatment.a spx http://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/adrenalgland/conditioninfo/Pages/treatment.a spx http://www.urologyhealth.org/urology/index.cfm?article=89 http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/healthlibrary/conditions/endocrinology/adrenal_glan ds_85,P00399/ http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/healthlibrary/conditions/endocrinology/adrenal_glan ds_85,P00399/ http://www.pennmedicine.org/health_info/body_guide/reftext/html/endo_sys_fin.htm l#homeostatic http://www.pennmedicine.org/health_info/body_guide/reftext/html/endo_sys_fin.htm l#homeostatic http://training.seer.cancer.gov/anatomy/endocrine/glands/adrenal.html