4. Supervisor : Prof. Dr.Hekma Coordinator : Ph.Fatmah Bakhder

5. Contents : Definition Trade and generic names Mechanism of action Clinical use Side effects Drug interactions Life style

6. Definition BP, defined as a repeatedly elevated blood pressure exceeding 140 over 90 mmHg. a systoic pressure above 140 or a diastolic pressure above 90

7. Causes of hypertension Smoking Obesity Low physical activity Salt diet alcohol intake

8. Treatment of hypertension

10. :Mechanism Of Action

12. side effects

14. Aliskiren had acceptable oral bioavailability and were clinical enough for clinical uses, but it has some of side effects :

15. Cardiovascular Cardiovascular side effects have included extremely rare cases of hypotension (0.1%) and angioedema (0.06%).

16. Respiratory system In this research (Effects of modulators of the renin-angiotensin- aldosterone system on cough), researcher mentioned that there is a relation between patients with uncomplicated primary hypertension with a history of ACE inhibitor-related cough

17. Nervous system N e r v o u s s y s t e m s i d e e f f e c t s h a v e i n c l u d e d h e a d a c h e, d i z z i n e s s, f a t i g u e, a n d s i n g l e e p i s o d e s o f t o n i c - c l o n i c s e i z u r e s w i t h l o s s o f c o n s c i o u s n e s s.

18. Gastrointestinal system Inhibit renin release leading to decrease of angiotensin II secretion, and that mean loss of higher amount of water and sodium causing diarrhea. ( THE EFFECT OF THERENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM ON MUCOSAL WATER AND SODIUM TRANSFER IN EVERTED SACS OF RAT JEJUNUMBy ANN D. CROCKER* AND KENNETH A. MUNDAY)

19. Dermatic Due to decrease of angiotensin release, vascular 'll dilate and appear of redness & rash.

20. Caution Drugs that act directly on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAA) system can cause fetal and neonatal morbidity and death when administered during pregnancy.

21. Ashwag Zahed Kofiah + Shatha Abdulbasset Abed

22. ACE inhibitors (Captopril) ARBs (Valsartan) potassium- sparing diuretics, potassium supplements

23. ACE I ARBs Drugs that increase k LEVEL

25. Statements that’s may increase the risk … -Elderly-Dehydrated -Kidney disease -Diabetes -Advanced heart failure -Regular or long term use of NSAIDs use of NSAIDs

26. Cyclosporines (Neoral) HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Atorvastatin) Itraconazole and Ketoconazole

27. Cyclosporines HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors P-gp Inhibitors

28. Thiazide diuretics (hydrochlorothiazide) Loop diuretics (Furosemide) Tizanidine High-fat meals

29. Thiazide Diuretics Aliskiren VS Hydreochlorothiazide

30. Loop Diuretics Aliskiren VS Furosamide

31. Muscle relaxant..

34. SS O D I U M R E D U C T I O N EE X E R C I S E AA V O I D A L C O H O L C O N S U M P T I O N DD I E T A R Y C H A N G E S WW E I G H T L O S S SS M O K I N G C E S S A T I O N MM E D I T A T I O N

35. The recommended sodium intake is less than 6gms per day for all patients with hypertension or prehypertension.

36. Doing of exercise for 30 minutes on most days of the week is help patients with prehypertension to reductions of 4 mm Hg in systolic blood pressure and 3 mm Hg in diastolic blood pressure.

37. By following of DASH plane which is depend on fruits and vegetables; high in low- fat dairy products, potassium, magnesium, and calcium; and low in total saturated fats.

38. Reduction of 10 lb can help reduce blood pressure or prevent hypertension.

39. In patients with hypertension, there is an increase in cardiovascular events in those who smoke compared with those who do not. So. decreasing smoking lead to reduce of blood pressure clearly.

40. Include Meditate on God's creatures in the universe, like the sun, moon, birds, sunrise and sunset, all this help patients with hypertension and any person to be quiet and closer to the God

42. Done by : Ashwaq zahed Elaf Khalifa Bashier al ameer Bayan baz Duaa ageel Shatha abed Lina aldawoo d Maeen medwahi Morooj almoald Marwa barnawy Hadeel al- fahmi Yasmeen alsahafy